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+#
+# The Python Imaging Library.
+# $Id: ImageStat.py 2134 2004-10-06 08:55:20Z fredrik $
+#
+# global image statistics
+#
+# History:
+# 1996-04-05 fl Created
+# 1997-05-21 fl Added mask; added rms, var, stddev attributes
+# 1997-08-05 fl Added median
+# 1998-07-05 hk Fixed integer overflow error
+#
+# Notes:
+# This class shows how to implement delayed evaluation of attributes.
+# To get a certain value, simply access the corresponding attribute.
+# The __getattr__ dispatcher takes care of the rest.
+#
+# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
+# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1996-97.
+#
+# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
+#
+
+import Image
+import operator, math
+
+##
+# The <b>ImageStat</b> module calculates global statistics for an
+# image, or a region of an image.
+##
+
+##
+# Calculate statistics for the given image. If a mask is included,
+# only the regions covered by that mask are included in the
+# statistics.
+
+class Stat:
+ "Get image or feature statistics"
+
+ ##
+ # Create a statistics object.
+ #
+ # @def __init__(image, mask=None)
+ # @param image A PIL image, or a precalculate histogram.
+ # @param mask An optional mask.
+
+ def __init__(self, image_or_list, mask = None):
+ try:
+ if mask:
+ self.h = image_or_list.histogram(mask)
+ else:
+ self.h = image_or_list.histogram()
+ except AttributeError:
+ self.h = image_or_list # assume it to be a histogram list
+ if type(self.h) != type([]):
+ raise TypeError, "first argument must be image or list"
+ self.bands = range(len(self.h) / 256)
+
+ def __getattr__(self, id):
+ "Calculate missing attribute"
+ if id[:4] == "_get":
+ raise AttributeError, id
+ # calculate missing attribute
+ v = getattr(self, "_get" + id)()
+ setattr(self, id, v)
+ return v
+
+ def _getextrema(self):
+ "Get min/max values for each band in the image"
+
+ def minmax(histogram):
+ n = 255
+ x = 0
+ for i in range(256):
+ if histogram[i]:
+ n = min(n, i)
+ x = max(x, i)
+ return n, x # returns (255, 0) if there's no data in the histogram
+
+ v = []
+ for i in range(0, len(self.h), 256):
+ v.append(minmax(self.h[i:]))
+ return v
+
+ def _getcount(self):
+ "Get total number of pixels in each layer"
+
+ v = []
+ for i in range(0, len(self.h), 256):
+ v.append(reduce(operator.add, self.h[i:i+256]))
+ return v
+
+ def _getsum(self):
+ "Get sum of all pixels in each layer"
+
+ v = []
+ for i in range(0, len(self.h), 256):
+ sum = 0.0
+ for j in range(256):
+ sum = sum + j * self.h[i+j]
+ v.append(sum)
+ return v
+
+ def _getsum2(self):
+ "Get squared sum of all pixels in each layer"
+
+ v = []
+ for i in range(0, len(self.h), 256):
+ sum2 = 0.0
+ for j in range(256):
+ sum2 = sum2 + (j ** 2) * float(self.h[i+j])
+ v.append(sum2)
+ return v
+
+ def _getmean(self):
+ "Get average pixel level for each layer"
+
+ v = []
+ for i in self.bands:
+ v.append(self.sum[i] / self.count[i])
+ return v
+
+ def _getmedian(self):
+ "Get median pixel level for each layer"
+
+ v = []
+ for i in self.bands:
+ s = 0
+ l = self.count[i]/2
+ b = i * 256
+ for j in range(256):
+ s = s + self.h[b+j]
+ if s > l:
+ break
+ v.append(j)
+ return v
+
+ def _getrms(self):
+ "Get RMS for each layer"
+
+ v = []
+ for i in self.bands:
+ v.append(math.sqrt(self.sum2[i] / self.count[i]))
+ return v
+
+
+ def _getvar(self):
+ "Get variance for each layer"
+
+ v = []
+ for i in self.bands:
+ n = self.count[i]
+ v.append((self.sum2[i]-(self.sum[i]**2.0)/n)/n)
+ return v
+
+ def _getstddev(self):
+ "Get standard deviation for each layer"
+
+ v = []
+ for i in self.bands:
+ v.append(math.sqrt(self.var[i]))
+ return v
+
+Global = Stat # compatibility
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+
+ im = Image.open("Images/lena.ppm")
+
+ st = Stat(im)
+
+ print "extrema", st.extrema
+ print "sum ", st.sum
+ print "mean ", st.mean
+ print "median ", st.median
+ print "rms ", st.rms
+ print "sum2 ", st.sum2
+ print "var ", st.var
+ print "stddev ", st.stddev