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</div> <!-- #EndLibraryItem --><h1> su</h1>
<p>Substitute user identity<br>
Run a command with substitute user and
group id, allow one user to temporarily become another user. It runs a command
(often an interactive shell) with the real and effective user id, group id,
and supplemental groups of a given <i>user</i>. </p>
<pre>Syntax
su [<em>options</em>]... [<em>user</em> [<em>arg</em>]...]
Options
-c <em>COMMAND</em>
--command=<em>COMMAND</em>
Pass <em>COMMAND</em>, a single command line to run, to the shell with a
-c option instead of starting an interactive shell.
-f
--fast
Pass the `-f' option to the shell. This probably only makes sense
if the shell run is `csh' or `tcsh', for which the `-f' option
prevents reading the startup file (`.cshrc'). With Bourne-like
shells, the `-f' option disables file name pattern expansion
(globbing), which is not likely to be useful.
-
-l
--login
Make the shell a login shell. This means the following. Unset all
environment variables except `TERM', `HOME', and `SHELL' (which
are set as described above), and `USER' and `LOGNAME' (which are
set, even for the super-user, as described above), and set `PATH'
to a compiled-in default value. Change to USER's home directory.
Prepend `-' to the shell's name, intended to make it read its
login startup file(s).
-m
-p
--preserve-environment
Do not change the environment variables `HOME', `USER', `LOGNAME',
or `SHELL'. Run the shell given in the environment variable
`SHELL' instead of the shell from USER's passwd entry, unless the
user running `su' is not the superuser and USER's shell is
restricted. A "restricted shell" is one that is not listed in the
file `/etc/shells', or in a compiled-in list if that file does not
exist. Parts of what this option does can be overridden by
`--login' and `--shell'.
-s <em>SHELL</em>
--shell=<em>SHELL</em>
Run <em>SHELL</em> instead of the shell from USER's passwd entry, unless
the user running `su' is not the superuser and USER's shell is
restricted (see `-m' just above).</pre>
<p> If no <i>user</i> is given, the default is 'root', the super-user. <br>
<br>
The shell to use is taken from user's 'passwd' entry, or /bin/sh if none is
specified there.<br>
<br>
If USER has a password, `su' prompts for the password unless run by a user with
effective user id of zero (the super-user). <br>
<br>
By default, su does not change the current directory. It sets the environment
variables `HOME' and `SHELL' from the password entry for USER, and if USER is
not the super-user, sets `USER' and `LOGNAME' to USER. <br>
<br>
By default, the shell is not a login shell. Any additional ARGs are passed as
additional arguments to the shell. <br>
<br>
GNU su does not treat `/bin/sh' or any other shells specially (e.g., by setting
`argv[0]' to -su, passing `-c' only to certain shells, etc.). su can optionally
be compiled to use syslog to report failed, and optionally successful, su
attempts. (If the system supports syslog.) However, GNU su does not check
if the user is a member of the `wheel' group; see options above. </p>
<p><i>"It was just like Romeo and Juliet, only it ended in tragedy"
- Milhouse</i><br>
<br>
<b> Related</b>:<br>
<br>
<a href="chroot.html">chroot</a> - Run a command with a different root directory<br>
<a href="id.html">id</a> - Print user and group id's <br>
<a href="logname.html">logname</a> - Print current login name<br>
Equivalent Windows command: <a href="../term_tools/nt/runas.html">RUNAS</a> /user</p>
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