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-
- <div class="section" id="mod-wsgi-apache">
-<span id="mod-wsgi-deployment"></span><h1>mod_wsgi (Apache)<a class="headerlink" href="#mod-wsgi-apache" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
-<p>If you are using the <a class="reference external" href="http://httpd.apache.org/">Apache</a> webserver, consider using <a class="reference external" href="http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/">mod_wsgi</a>.</p>
-<div class="admonition-watch-out admonition ">
-<p class="first admonition-title">Watch Out</p>
-<p class="last">Please make sure in advance that any <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">app.run()</span></tt> calls you might
-have in your application file are inside an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">if</span> <span class="pre">__name__</span> <span class="pre">==</span>
-<span class="pre">'__main__':</span></tt> block or moved to a separate file. Just make sure it&#8217;s
-not called because this will always start a local WSGI server which
-we do not want if we deploy that application to mod_wsgi.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="section" id="installing-mod-wsgi">
-<h2>Installing <cite>mod_wsgi</cite><a class="headerlink" href="#installing-mod-wsgi" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
-<p>If you don&#8217;t have <cite>mod_wsgi</cite> installed yet you have to either install it
-using a package manager or compile it yourself. The mod_wsgi
-<a class="reference external" href="http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/QuickInstallationGuide">installation instructions</a> cover source installations on UNIX systems.</p>
-<p>If you are using Ubuntu/Debian you can apt-get it and activate it as
-follows:</p>
-<div class="highlight-text"><div class="highlight"><pre># apt-get install libapache2-mod-wsgi
-</pre></div>
-</div>
-<p>On FreeBSD install <cite>mod_wsgi</cite> by compiling the <cite>www/mod_wsgi</cite> port or by
-using pkg_add:</p>
-<div class="highlight-text"><div class="highlight"><pre># pkg_add -r mod_wsgi
-</pre></div>
-</div>
-<p>If you are using pkgsrc you can install <cite>mod_wsgi</cite> by compiling the
-<cite>www/ap2-wsgi</cite> package.</p>
-<p>If you encounter segfaulting child processes after the first apache
-reload you can safely ignore them. Just restart the server.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="section" id="creating-a-wsgi-file">
-<h2>Creating a <cite>.wsgi</cite> file<a class="headerlink" href="#creating-a-wsgi-file" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
-<p>To run your application you need a <cite>yourapplication.wsgi</cite> file. This file
-contains the code <cite>mod_wsgi</cite> is executing on startup to get the application
-object. The object called <cite>application</cite> in that file is then used as
-application.</p>
-<p>For most applications the following file should be sufficient:</p>
-<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">yourapplication</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">app</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">application</span>
-</pre></div>
-</div>
-<p>If you don&#8217;t have a factory function for application creation but a singleton
-instance you can directly import that one as <cite>application</cite>.</p>
-<p>Store that file somewhere that you will find it again (e.g.:
-<cite>/var/www/yourapplication</cite>) and make sure that <cite>yourapplication</cite> and all
-the libraries that are in use are on the python load path. If you don&#8217;t
-want to install it system wide consider using a <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/virtualenv">virtual python</a>
-instance.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="section" id="configuring-apache">
-<h2>Configuring Apache<a class="headerlink" href="#configuring-apache" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
-<p>The last thing you have to do is to create an Apache configuration file
-for your application. In this example we are telling <cite>mod_wsgi</cite> to
-execute the application under a different user for security reasons:</p>
-<div class="highlight-apache"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nt">&lt;VirtualHost</span> <span class="s">*</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
- <span class="nb">ServerName</span> example.com
-
- <span class="nb">WSGIDaemonProcess</span> yourapplication <span class="k">user</span>=user1 <span class="k">group</span>=group1 threads=5
- <span class="nb">WSGIScriptAlias</span> / <span class="sx">/var/www/yourapplication/yourapplication.wsgi</span>
-
- <span class="nt">&lt;Directory</span> <span class="s">/var/www/yourapplication</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
- <span class="nb">WSGIProcessGroup</span> yourapplication
- <span class="nb">WSGIApplicationGroup</span> %{GLOBAL}
- <span class="nb">Order</span> deny,allow
- <span class="nb">Allow</span> from <span class="k">all</span>
- <span class="nt">&lt;/Directory&gt;</span>
-<span class="nt">&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;</span>
-</pre></div>
-</div>
-<p>For more information consult the <a class="reference external" href="http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/">mod_wsgi wiki</a>.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="section" id="troubleshooting">
-<h2>Troubleshooting<a class="headerlink" href="#troubleshooting" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
-<p>If your application does not run, follow this guide to troubleshoot:</p>
-<dl class="docutils">
-<dt><strong>Problem:</strong> application does not run, errorlog shows SystemExit ignored</dt>
-<dd>You have a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">app.run()</span></tt> call in your application file that is not
-guarded by an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">if</span> <span class="pre">__name__</span> <span class="pre">==</span> <span class="pre">'__main__':</span></tt> condition. Either
-remove that <a class="reference internal" href="../api.html#flask.Flask.run" title="flask.Flask.run"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">run()</span></tt></a> call from the file and move it
-into a separate <cite>run.py</cite> file or put it into such an if block.</dd>
-<dt><strong>Problem:</strong> application gives permission errors</dt>
-<dd>Probably caused by your application running as the wrong user. Make
-sure the folders the application needs access to have the proper
-privileges set and the application runs as the correct user
-(<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">user</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">group</span></tt> parameter to the <cite>WSGIDaemonProcess</cite>
-directive)</dd>
-<dt><strong>Problem:</strong> application dies with an error on print</dt>
-<dd><p class="first">Keep in mind that mod_wsgi disallows doing anything with
-<a class="reference external" href="http://docs.python.org/dev/library/sys.html#sys.stdout" title="(in Python v3.3)"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys.stdout</span></tt></a> and <a class="reference external" href="http://docs.python.org/dev/library/sys.html#sys.stderr" title="(in Python v3.3)"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys.stderr</span></tt></a>. You can disable this
-protection from the config by setting the <cite>WSGIRestrictStdout</cite> to
-<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">off</span></tt>:</p>
-<div class="highlight-apache"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nb">WSGIRestrictStdout</span> <span class="k">Off</span>
-</pre></div>
-</div>
-<p>Alternatively you can also replace the standard out in the .wsgi file
-with a different stream:</p>
-<div class="last highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">sys</span>
-<span class="n">sys</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">stdout</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">sys</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">stderr</span>
-</pre></div>
-</div>
-</dd>
-<dt><strong>Problem:</strong> accessing resources gives IO errors</dt>
-<dd><p class="first">Your application probably is a single .py file you symlinked into
-the site-packages folder. Please be aware that this does not work,
-instead you either have to put the folder into the pythonpath the
-file is stored in, or convert your application into a package.</p>
-<p class="last">The reason for this is that for non-installed packages, the module
-filename is used to locate the resources and for symlinks the wrong
-filename is picked up.</p>
-</dd>
-</dl>
-</div>
-<div class="section" id="support-for-automatic-reloading">
-<h2>Support for Automatic Reloading<a class="headerlink" href="#support-for-automatic-reloading" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
-<p>To help deployment tools you can activate support for automatic
-reloading. Whenever something changes the <cite>.wsgi</cite> file, <cite>mod_wsgi</cite> will
-reload all the daemon processes for us.</p>
-<p>For that, just add the following directive to your <cite>Directory</cite> section:</p>
-<div class="highlight-apache"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nb">WSGIScriptReloading</span> <span class="k">On</span>
-</pre></div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="section" id="working-with-virtual-environments">
-<h2>Working with Virtual Environments<a class="headerlink" href="#working-with-virtual-environments" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
-<p>Virtual environments have the advantage that they never install the
-required dependencies system wide so you have a better control over what
-is used where. If you want to use a virtual environment with mod_wsgi
-you have to modify your <cite>.wsgi</cite> file slightly.</p>
-<p>Add the following lines to the top of your <cite>.wsgi</cite> file:</p>
-<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="n">activate_this</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;/path/to/env/bin/activate_this.py&#39;</span>
-<span class="nb">execfile</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">activate_this</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">__file__</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">activate_this</span><span class="p">))</span>
-</pre></div>
-</div>
-<p>This sets up the load paths according to the settings of the virtual
-environment. Keep in mind that the path has to be absolute.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-
-
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- <h3><a href="../index.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
- <ul>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">mod_wsgi (Apache)</a><ul>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#installing-mod-wsgi">Installing <cite>mod_wsgi</cite></a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#creating-a-wsgi-file">Creating a <cite>.wsgi</cite> file</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#configuring-apache">Configuring Apache</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#support-for-automatic-reloading">Support for Automatic Reloading</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#working-with-virtual-environments">Working with Virtual Environments</a></li>
-</ul>
-</li>
-</ul>
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- <li><a href="../index.html">Documentation overview</a><ul>
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