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+.. _gpl:
+
+.. index::
+   pair: license; GPL
+
+GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+==========================
+
+Version 2, June 1991
+
+::
+
+    
+         Copyright © 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+         51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA
+         
+         Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
+         of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
+    
+..
+
+
+
+Preamble
+````````
+
+The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and
+change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your
+freedom to share and change free software—to make sure the software is free for all
+its users. This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
+Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to using it.
+(Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Lesser General
+Public License instead.) You can apply it to your programs, too.
+
+When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Our General
+Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom to distribute
+copies of free software (and charge for this service if you wish), that you receive
+source code or can get it if you want it, that you can change the software or use
+pieces of it in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
+
+To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you
+these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. These restrictions translate to
+certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the software, or if you
+modify it.
+
+For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or for a
+fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that you have. You must make sure
+that they, too, receive or can get the source code. And you must show them these
+terms so they know their rights.
+
+We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and (2) offer you
+this license which gives you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the
+software.
+
+Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain that everyone
+understands that there is no warranty for this free software. If the software is
+modified by someone else and passed on, we want its recipients to know that what
+they have is not the original, so that any problems introduced by others will not
+reflect on the original authors' reputations.
+
+Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software patents. We wish to
+avoid the danger that redistributors of a free program will individually obtain
+patent licenses, in effect making the program proprietary. To prevent this, we have
+made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not
+licensed at all.
+
+The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow.
+
+TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
+```````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
+
+1.  This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed
+    by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of this
+    General Public License. The “Program”, below, refers to any such program or
+    work, and a “work based on the Program” means either the Program or any
+    derivative work under copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the
+    Program or a portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or
+    translated into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without
+    limitation in the term “modification”.) Each licensee is addressed as “you”.
+
+    Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not covered by
+    this License; they are outside its scope. The act of running the Program is not
+    restricted, and the output from the Program is covered only if its contents
+    constitute a work based on the Program (independent of having been made by
+    running the Program). Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
+
+2.  You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you
+    receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and appropriately
+    publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty;
+    keep intact all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any
+    warranty; and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
+    along with the Program.
+
+    You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you may at
+    your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
+
+3.  You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it, thus
+    forming a work based on the Program, and copy and distribute such modifications
+    or work under the terms of Section 1 above, provided that you also meet all of
+    these conditions:
+
+    a.  You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that
+        you changed the files and the date of any change.
+
+    b.  You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in whole or in
+        part contains or is derived from the Program or any part thereof, to be
+        licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties under the terms of
+        this License.
+
+    c.  If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run, you
+        must cause it, when started running for such interactive use in the most
+        ordinary way, to print or display an announcement including an appropriate
+        copyright notice and a notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying
+        that you provide a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program
+        under these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
+        License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but does not
+        normally print such an announcement, your work based on the Program is not
+        required to print an announcement.)
+
+    These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If identifiable
+    sections of that work are not derived from the Program, and can be reasonably
+    considered independent and separate works in themselves, then this License, and
+    its terms, do not apply to those sections when you distribute them as separate
+    works. But when you distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a
+    work based on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
+    this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole,
+    and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.
+
+    Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest your
+    rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to exercise the
+    right to control the distribution of derivative or collective works based on the
+    Program.
+
+    In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program with the
+    Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of a storage or
+    distribution medium does not bring the other work under the scope of this
+    License.
+
+4.  You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, under Section 2)
+    in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above
+    provided that you also do one of the following:
+
+    a.  Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code,
+        which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a
+        medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
+
+    b.  Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three years, to give
+        any third party, for a charge no more than your cost of physically
+        performing source distribution, a complete machine-readable copy of the
+        corresponding source code, to be distributed under the terms of Sections 1
+        and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
+
+    c.  Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer to distribute
+        corresponding source code. (This alternative is allowed only for
+        noncommercial distribution and only if you received the program in object
+        code or executable form with such an offer, in accord with Subsection b
+        above.)
+
+    The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making
+    modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source code means all the
+    source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated interface
+    definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation
+    of the executable. However, as a special exception, the source code distributed
+    need not include anything that is normally distributed (in either source or
+    binary form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
+    operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component itself
+    accompanies the executable.
+
+    If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering access to copy
+    from a designated place, then offering equivalent access to copy the source code
+    from the same place counts as distribution of the source code, even though third
+    parties are not compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
+
+5.  You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program except as
+    expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify,
+    sublicense or distribute the Program is void, and will automatically terminate
+    your rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies, or
+    rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so
+    long as such parties remain in full compliance.
+
+6.  You are not required to accept this License, since you have not signed it.
+    However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute the Program
+    or its derivative works. These actions are prohibited by law if you do not
+    accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or distributing the Program (or any
+    work based on the Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do
+    so, and all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying the
+    Program or works based on it.
+
+7.  Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the Program), the
+    recipient automatically receives a license from the original licensor to copy,
+    distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions. You may
+    not impose any further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights
+    granted herein. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third
+    parties to this License.
+
+8.  If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringement or
+    for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), conditions are imposed on
+    you (whether by court order, agreement or otherwise) that contradict the
+    conditions of this License, they do not excuse you from the conditions of this
+    License. If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your
+    obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a
+    consequence you may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent
+    license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by all those
+    who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then the only way you
+    could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from
+    distribution of the Program.
+
+    If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any
+    particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to apply and the
+    section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances.
+
+    It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents or
+    other property right claims or to contest validity of any such claims; this
+    section has the sole purpose of protecting the integrity of the free software
+    distribution system, which is implemented by public license practices. Many
+    people have made generous contributions to the wide range of software
+    distributed through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
+    system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing to
+    distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot impose that
+    choice.
+
+    This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a
+    consequence of the rest of this License.
+
+9.  If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in certain countries
+    either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the original copyright holder
+    who places the Program under this License may add an explicit geographical
+    distribution limitation excluding those countries, so that distribution is
+    permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded. In such case, this
+    License incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
+
+10. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the
+    General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in
+    spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems
+    or concerns.
+
+    Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies
+    a version number of this License which applies to it and “any later version”,
+    you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version
+    or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the
+    Program does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any
+    version ever published by the Free Software Foundation.
+
+11. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs whose
+    distribution conditions are different, write to the author to ask for
+    permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation,
+    write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this.
+    Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of
+    all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of
+    software generally.
+
+12. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE
+    PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED
+    IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM “AS
+    IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT
+    NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
+    PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE
+    PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF
+    ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
+
+13. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY
+    COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE
+    PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL,
+    SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY
+    TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING
+    RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF
+    THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER
+    PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
+
+Appendix: How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
+```````````````````````````````````````````````````````
+
+If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use to
+the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software which everyone
+can redistribute and change under these terms.
+
+To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach them
+to the start of each source file to most effectively convey the exclusion of
+warranty; and each file should have at least the “copyright” line and a pointer to
+where the full notice is found.
+
+::
+
+    
+         one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.
+         Copyright (C) yyyy  name of author
+         
+         This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+         it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+         the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+         (at your option) any later version.
+         
+         This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+         but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+         MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+         GNU General Public License for more details.
+         
+         You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+         along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+         Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA.
+    
+..
+
+
+
+Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
+
+If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this when it
+starts in an interactive mode:
+
+::
+
+    
+         Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author
+         Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type 'show w'.
+         This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
+         under certain conditions; type 'show c' for details.
+    
+..
+
+
+
+The hypothetical commands 'show w' and 'show c' should show the appropriate parts of
+the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may be called something
+other than 'show w' and 'show c'; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu
+items—whatever suits your program.
+
+You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your school, if
+any, to sign a “copyright disclaimer” for the program, if necessary. Here is a
+sample; alter the names:
+
+::
+
+    
+         Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
+         'Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
+         
+         signature of Ty Coon, 1 April 1989
+         Ty Coon, President of Vice
+    
+..
+
+
+
+This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
+proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may consider it
+more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the library. If this is
+what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General Public License instead of this
+License.