diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'doc/xaos.info')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/xaos.info | 3818 |
1 files changed, 3818 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/doc/xaos.info b/doc/xaos.info new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5676dc2 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/xaos.info @@ -0,0 +1,3818 @@ +This is xaos.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.11 from xaos.texinfo. + +INFO-DIR-SECTION Graphics +START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY +* XaoS: (xaos). A fast real-time interactive fractal zoomer +END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY + + (C) 1996-2008 Jan Hubicka and the XaoS Development Team + + Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this +manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are +preserved on all copies. + + +File: xaos.info, Node: Top, Next: Overview, Prev: (dir), Up: (dir) + +XaoS 3.4 +******** + + A real-time interactive fractal zoomer + User's manual + April 17, 2008 + + This manual contains user documentation about XaoS -- a fast +real-time fractal zoomer. XaoS uses a development model, so sources are +freely available. The file `xaosdev.texinfo' in the source +documentation contains a hacker's manual (design overview, algorithm +description etc.). + +* Menu: + +* Overview:: What does this software do then? +* tutorial:: XaoS tutorial +* controls:: Basic controls +* video:: How to encode video files +* format:: XaoS's file format description +* writehelp:: How to write XaoS help files +* xshl:: XaoS simple hypertext language +* drivers:: Driver specific documentation +* menus:: Functions, menu items and command line parameters +* about:: Credits +* support:: Getting Support +* index:: Function index + + +File: xaos.info, Node: Overview, Next: tutorial, Prev: Top, Up: Top + +1 Overview +********** + +* Menu: + +* Why?:: Why yet another fractal generator? +* What?:: What does this software do then? + + +File: xaos.info, Node: Why?, Next: What?, Prev: Overview, Up: Overview + +1.1 Why yet another fractal generator? +====================================== + +We decided to make XaoS, because all fractal browsers we know of take a +long time to calculate each image. You may browse nice images generated +by them but real impressions of fractals -- the self similarity and +infinite zooming into the nice parts of fractals -- can be seen only in +animations. There are many programs available that make nice +animations, but they take a long time to calculate and lots of space on +disk. Most such animations are quite ugly because their authors can't +see them without many hours of calculations. + + A natural question is: is it possible to generate such animations in +real-time? The answer was negative for many years, since the Mandelbrot +set is very computationally expensive. Things are changing. Today's +computers are fast enough to calculate approx. 10.000 of pixels per +frame, which is enough for a very low resolution animation (100x100). +Several programs doing that are available. But 100x100 animation still +looks quite ugly. To make animation nice you need at least 320x200 +pixels. And that is 6 times more! One possibility is to wait until +computers will be fast enough, but it will take many years, and then +320x200 animations will be obsolete and everyone will want 1024x768 +resolution instead or more. + + We found a special algorithm that saves up to 99.98% of calculations +during zooming by reusing pixels already calculated in previous frames. +There were some programs doing similiar tricks before but we don't know +about any able to do zooming interactively with a speed similar to +XaoS. Many other tricks were later implemented XaoS to achieve yet +higher framerates. Now XaoS does up to 120 frames per second on a +120Mhz pentium in a fullscreen 320x200 animation, and calculates an +average of 160 (0.24%) pixels per frame. This makes XaoS fast enough to +achieve its primary goal, realtime animation, but there are still many +areas that could improve, since more complex fractals, higher +resolutions, or slower computers still bring many problems. + + +File: xaos.info, Node: What?, Prev: Why?, Up: Overview + +1.2 What does this software do then? +==================================== + +XaoS is a realtime interactive fractal zoomer. This means that it lets +you zoom smoothly into any place in the fractal you choose without the +many hours of calculation required by most other fractal generators. It +now has many other features too, like 13 different fractal types, +autopilot, special coloring modes, support for various bit depths +(8bpp, truecolor, hicolor and realcolor), random palette generation, +color cycling etc... + + +File: xaos.info, Node: tutorial, Next: controls, Prev: Overview, Up: Top + +2 XaoS tutorial +*************** + +This is a brief introduction to the basic XaoS features. + +2.1 How to zoom +=============== + +The main advantage of XaoS is that after a few seconds' delay to +calculate the first image, you may choose any point with the mouse and +press the _left_ button. The image will start to zoom smoothly into +the point you choose. You may move the mouse and zoom smoothly into +interesting areas. By pressing the _middle button_ (or _left+right_ +buttons) you may also _move the image_ using "drag & drop" if you +missed an interesting place. _Unzooming_ is also possible by using the +_right button_, but it is much slower because optimizations are not so +effective as for zooming. + + In case you think that the default _speed_ is boring (it is quite +slow, to make XaoS smooth on a slow computer) you may change it by +pressing _arrow up/down_. But faster zooming is more expensive, so if +the speed is too high you will see little but funny colorful blinking +rectangles. + +2.2 Autopilot +============= + +To make XaoS yet more impressive we made a special autopilot that +automatically drives into interesting boundaries of the set. So you can +press `A', play your favorite music, drink coffee and relax. I never +tried this but it should be really relaxing! Many pictures in the XaoS +gallery were discovered using the autopilot. + + The autopilot also has some additional features. It turns back when +the zoomed picture stops being interesting, and is able to spot when +it's zoomed into a really boring part (or has reached the limit of +floating point numbers) and restart zooming from the top. + +2.3 Various fractal formulae +============================ + +XaoS also supports formulae other than the Mandelbrot set. You may +change _formula_ using the _number keys_ or _SHIFT+letters_. + + On keys `1' to `5' are _Mandelbrot sets of various power_. The +"normal" Mandelbrot set is on key `1'. + + On key `6' is a fractal called _Newton_. It is Newton's famous +formula for finding roots. + + On key `7' is the _fourth ordered Newton_ fractal. + + On key `8' is a fractal called _Barnsley_. + + On key `9' is _Barnsley's second_ fractal. + + On key `0' is _Barnsley's third_ fractal. + + With keys `SHIFT-A' you can display a fractal called _octo_. It is a +fractal that Thomas discovered in fractint. + + With keys `SHIFT-B' you can display a fractal called _Phoenix_. It +is a very nice and quite famous fractal. + + With keys `SHIFT-C' you can display a fractal called _Magnet_. This +fractal has quite a complex formula so it is a bit slow. + + With keys `SHIFT-D' you can display the _Magnet2_ fractal. + + The rest of the built-in fractals are accessible through an other +menu, but you can still use the hotkeys. + + On `SHIFT-E' is a fractal called _Triceratops_ found by Arpad. + + On `SHIFT-F' is a fractal called _Catseye_ found by Arpad. This is +more interesting if you change the bailout value. + + On `SHIFT-G' is a fractal called _Mandelbar_. It was in Gnofract4d, +and they found it at: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/MandelbarSet.html + + On `SHIFT-H' is the _Lambda_ fractal. + + On `SHIFT-I' and `SHIFT-J' are the _Manowar_ and _Spider_ fractals, +they were found by users of fractint. (Scott Taylor or Lee Skinner) It +was on http://spanky.triumf.ca/www/fractint/ taylor_skinner_type.html + + The next 3 fractals are famous classic fractals. + + On `SHIFT-K' is the _Sierpinski_ Gasket. You can change its shape +by selecting another Julia seed. (This is for technical reasons.) + + On `SHIFT-L' is the _Sierpinski Carpet._ It's shape can also be +changed by selecting another Julia seed. + + On `SHIFT-M' is the _Koch Snowflake._ + +2.4 Out-coloring modes +====================== + +To make fractals yet more interesting, more coloring modes for points +outside the set are provided. "Classical coloring mode" uses the number +of iterations that the orbit required to escape to (nearly) infinity. +You can change this mode from the _Fractal menu_ or by pressing key `C' +To see more about coloring modes, try the tutorial on Incoloring modes +from the XaoS features overview. + + Those cryptic names for coloring modes are mathematical formulae, +where _iter_ means number of iterations, _real_ means real coordinate +of last orbit, and _imag_ means imaginary coordinate of last orbit. + +2.5 In-coloring mode +==================== + +In-coloring mode is similar to out-coloring, except that it changes how +things inside the set are displayed. This can also be changed from the +_fractal menu_ or by pressing `F'. + + You might also want to see the tutorial on Out-coloring modes from +the XaoS features overview. + +2.6 Planes +========== + +All fractals displayed by XaoS are functions with a complex parameter. +It can be displayed in the normal complex plane, where x is the real +part of the number, and y is the imaginary part; but it can also be +displayed in a number of other planes. You can select the plane to use +from the _Fractal menu_, or by pressing `I'. + + Like the coloring modes, planes have cryptic names. You guessed it, +they're mathematical formulae. Here `mu' means coordinates in the normal +complex plane. If you have coordinates in `1/mu' plane, and you need +coordinates in the a complex plane (to calculate the Mandelbrot set) you +simply use the coordinates as mu. Lambda is another plane that can be +converted to mu using a similar formula. + +*mu* + normal mode. + +*1/mu* + Inversion: infinity goes to 0 and 0 goes to infinity. + +*1/(mu+0.25)* + Similar to inversion, but moves the center outside of the + Mandelbrot set so that it looks parabolic. + +*lambda* + Lambda plane. + +*1/lambda* + Inversion of lambda plane. + +*1/lambda-1* + Inversion with moved center. + +*1/(mu-1.40115)* + A very interesting mode for the Mandelbrot set. It makes small + things big, so you can browse the set's details easily. + +2.7 Mandelbrot/Julia switching +============================== + +Most of the fractals displayed by XaoS (currently all of them) have two +forms: Mandelbrot and Julia. Every point in a Mandelbrot set has its +own Julia set. To see more about this correspondence, try the tutorial +on Julia set from the Introduction to fractals. + + In the Mandelbrot mode, you can get a corresponding Julia by moving +the mouse to an interesting point and pressing `M'. To get back press +`M' again. Some fractals (Barnsley and phoenix) are already in their +Julia versions, because the Mandelbrot ones are boring. But by pressing +`M' in such fractal you should get the Mandelbrot version, and by +choosing another point as the base point and pressing `M' again you +should get a completely different fractal. The most interesting points +for Julia sets are at the boundaries of the Mandelbrot set. Most of the +Julias inside or outside the set are boring. + +2.8 Fast Julia preview mode +=========================== + +Fast Julia mode is a quick way to find a point to use as a base for the +Julia set.. Just press `J' and a small Julia set will be displayed in +the top left corner. Then move the mouse around with button 1 +depressed, and the Julia for the point the mouse is over will be +automatically generated. + +2.9 Palette +=========== + +If you think that the default XaoS colors are ugly or you are just +bored by them you can change it by pressing `P'. XaoS will +automatically generate random palettes. Many of them look ugly, so +press `P' again to get another one until you find one you like. + +2.10 Filters +============ + +Many interesting effects are done by post-calculation filters. *Note +filter::. XaoS has filters that do everything from embossing, through +motion-blurring, right through to turning the fractal into a +stereogram. To enable them use the `filter menu' or press `E'. + +2.11 Palette cycling +==================== + +This is a very old trick that makes the Mandelbrot set a little +flashier. You may enable or disable it using `Y'. In the truecolor +modes you need to enable the palette emulator filter first. This is done +via the `E' key, or from the filter menu. + +2.12 Changing number of iterations +================================== + +To calculate fractals perfectly, you need an infinite number of +iterations. XaoS does just the first few of them, so after lots of +zooming you may get into a place that looks quite boring, and the +boundaries of the set are rounded, without any interesting details. +This can be changed by changing the number of iterations: + + Press and hold `arrow right' and wait until iterations are high +enough. This may slow down calculation much. To reduce number of +iterations press `arrow left'. + +2.13 Changing resolution +======================== + +XaoS usually starts in a low resolution (320x200 or thereabouts) to make +calculations faster. If you have a fast computer or you need to save +bigger `.gif' images, you may change the resolution. This can be done +by pressing `=' in the full screen drivers, or simply by resizing the +XaoS window. + +2.14 Changing driver +==================== + +XaoS usually has more than one driver available. You may change it on +the fly in case you want a different one. For example, XaoS started in +X11 can be switched at runtime to use the AA driver. This can be done +from the UI menu. + + This action is bit dangerous, because XaoS can crash during +initialization if there is some problem with initialization; XaoS tries +to initialize a new driver, and if it fails it attempts to return back +to the original. Sometimes this is impossible, and all XaoS can do is +terminate.. + +2.15 Other features +=================== + +XaoS has many other features, but they don't fit into this tutorial. +Most of them are available from the menu, so you can experiment with +them. You might also want to see the _animated tutorials_ from the +_help menu_, to have an idea what XaoS can do. + + +File: xaos.info, Node: controls, Next: video, Prev: tutorial, Up: Top + +3 Basic controls +**************** + +By default the mouse buttons work in the following way: + +*left* + zoom in + +*right* + zoom out + +*middle* + move fractal in a drag-and-drop fashion + + _Note:_ Since most Macs only have one button mice, these controls +are emulated on Mac OS X using modifier keys. See the help section on +Mac OS X for details. + + This behavior can change. If you enable rotation, the first button +is used for rotating fractals. Also, in fast Julia mode, the first +button is used to change the seed. + + If you don't have a middle button, press both buttons to enable +emulation. + + After few minutes of zooming you will probably exceed the precision +and the fractals will get boring. If you are getting strange big +rectangles on the screen, you probably reached the numeric limit: there +is no way to avoid this except un-zoom back and choose a different +area. It doesn't hurt so much, since you have zoomed approximately 64 +051 194 700 380 384 times, so there are quite a lot of areas to +explore. Algorithms with unlimited precision exist, but they are still +too slow for real-time zooming. + + The other possibility is that you have reached the iteration limit. +The fractal is calculated approximately, and in this case you need to +increase number of iterations used for approximation (and decrease the +speed in the process). This is done from the menu or using the arrow +keys _Left_ and _Right_. + + An _Up_ and _Down_ keys should be used to change zooming speed. Note +that higher speed costs more and image will be blocky. + + This behavior can also change. With palette cycling enabled, _Left_ +and _Right_ keys change cycling speed; in continuous rotation they +change rotation speed. + + All other functions are available from the menu, which (in the +default configuration) are displayed when you move the mouse to the top +of the screen/window. It is useful to learn the shortcut keys, which are +shown in gray next to the menu items they trigger. + + +File: xaos.info, Node: video, Next: format, Prev: controls, Up: Top + +4 How to encode video files from XaoS +************************************* + +To create a video, make and `xaf' file first (the easiest way to do +this is to use the _record_ function in the file menu). Then you need +to render the animation. XaoS can output sequences of ordinary `PNG' +images, that can later be used by a video encoder. + +4.1 Generating image sequences for video +======================================== + +To generate an image sequence, choose _Render Animation_ from the _Misc_ +menu. You can also use the following command on the command line: + + xaos -render [filename] -size 352x240 -antialiasing + -renderframerate 24 -basename [basename] + + _File to render_ (`[filename]') is the name of the `xaf' file, +_Basename_ (`[basename]') is the name used as the base filename for +rendered images. This should also include the path where you want to +save the images. XaoS adds a four digit sequence number and `.png' +extension to this name automatically. + + You might also want to change the resolution. Make sure that the +resolution you choose is supported by the video codec you wish to use. + + The framerate can also be altered. Make sure you choose a framerate +that is supported by the video codec you wish to use. + + _Antialiasing_ (`-antialiasing') is used to produce anti-aliased +images. It takes a much longer time and much more memory to calculate +them, but resulting images are better for video compression and they +result in a much smaller video file. (the same is true of _JPEG +images_) + + On the other hand, the other XaoS rendering option _Always +Recalculate_ (`-alwaysrecalc') (which disables XaoS's zooming +optimizations) is _not recommended_. If that's used, the sequence of +animation then contains quite a lot of extra information, which +increases size of video file, but because of the codec's lossy +compression it is hard to see any difference, so it's not worth it. + +4.2 Rendered files +================== + +Once you start it, XaoS will generate thousands of frames. They take +quite a long time to calculate and save, and consume plenty of disk +space. (e.g. to render part 1 of the tutorial you need about 60MB and +half an hour of time). + + All images are named `[basename]framenum.png'. For example +`intro0001.png' is the first frame of the animation intro. If +consecutive frames are the same, XaoS doesn't save them, so some frames +may be missing. If your encoder can't handle that, you will need to +write a simple script which will fill in the gaps by means of `mv' or +symbolic linking. + + A list of all filenames is saved into the file `[basename].par', +where each line is the name of one frame. The names repeat here if +necessary, so you can use this file to supply filenames to the encoder. + +4.3 Encoding videos +=================== + +Once XaoS has generated the png files for each frame of the animation, +you can use a third-party video encoder to convert the sequence of +images into a video file. We currently recommend the following +encoders, which support a wide variety of video codecs and file formats: +*ffmpeg* + Available from: `http://ffmpeg.mplayerhq.hu/' Instructions: + `http://ffmpeg.mplayerhq.hu/faq.html#SEC12' + +*mencoder* + Part of mplayer, available from: http://www.mplayerhq.hu/ + Instructions: + `http://www.mplayerhq.hu/DOCS/HTML/en/menc-feat-enc-images.html' + These are both command line tools. If you prefer a graphical tool, +you may prefer Quicktime Pro from Apple +(http://www.apple.com/quicktime/pro/). However, this software costs +approximately US$30, and the authors of XaoS have no experience with +it. Although QuickTime may be easier to use, the two free encoders +above are just as capable once you learn how to use them. + + Note: we used to recommend Berkeley parallel MPEG encoder to encode +the generated png files into MPEG videos. We have kept the instructions +mainly for historic purposes. + + +File: xaos.info, Node: format, Next: writehelp, Prev: video, Up: Top + +5 XaoS's file format +******************** + +This section describes the format used by XaoS for animations, +configuration files and saved positions. All these files have a common +format, designed to be easily readable, to allow manual editing of +files and easy conversion by other programs. + + I also taken care to make it easily extensible for future versions +of XaoS so I hope there will not be many incompatibilities between +various XaoS versions. + + The format is a simple set of commands executed sequentially. XaoS +does not provide any variables/cycles as usual scripting languages do, +but future extension to full-blown Scheme should be easy since the +format uses Scheme-like syntax. The syntax of every command is: + + `(command_name '_[param1] [param2]_`)' + + where parameters are optional and separated by whitespace (an +arbitrary number of spaces, tabs and newlines). The parameters can have +the following types: + +*integer* + number w/o decimal point (`123') + +*float* + floating point number in decimal notation with optional exponent + (`1.23E2') + +*keyword* + text started by quote `''. It is used to pass various string + constants like formula name (`'mandel') Quote is required for + scheme compatibility + +*string* + Text inside double quotes. The only parameter that should contain + whitespace + +*boolean* + `#t' for true or `#f' for false + + There is a complete description of all XaoS functions (with some +examples) and an index of functions in the XaoS registry. *Note +menus::. You may particularly want to read about the animation +functions. *Note animf::. Also, the following functions are significant: + +*load* + This function loads and interprets a file. It works similarly to + `#include' in C. + +*initstate* + Available in version 3.0 and above, this function resets XaoS's + state to default values. This command should be at the beginning + of each animation file, since otherwise some stuff previously + enabled by user could cause unexpected effects. State is not reset + by default before playing animations since it would make it + impossible to write macros. Current versions don't really need + macros, but in future versions, when the Scheme programming + language will be available, this should be a much more interesting + subject. + +*usleep* + This function waits for a selected amount of time(in usec) before + processing the next command. The screen is recalculated and + displayed at the beginning of the sleep if necessary. The + remaining time is spent by waiting, calculating if necessary, or + performing any animation you entered via animation commands. + +*wait* + Waits until the animation or image rendering is complete. Do not + call this function when zoom, or continuous rotation is active + otherwise deadlock happens. It is a good idea to call it + immediately before text subtitles are displayed, since it looks + ugly when they are displayed over a blocky unfinished fractal. + Because the degree of blockiness at a given instant is a function + of your machine speed, it may look nice for you but ugly for + others with slower machines. Also you should call this after an + animation is performed, before the switch to another fractal + happens; since the switch involves calculation, the screen is + stopped for a while and an unfinished fractal there looks ugly. + You should also call it, when you want to do something as soon as + possible. + + Example: + + ;configure everything for the first frame + (inistate) + (palette 1 1163254293 0) ;custom palette + (cycling #t) ;enable cycling + (cyclingspeed 7) + (maxiter 276) ;higher number of iterations + (range 3) ;default range for solid guessing + (usleep 1000000) ;second frame starts here + (moveview -1.8101154154614007889 -8.2687205907162041209E-05) + ;just move the image + (usleep 1000000) ;third frame + (morphview -1.8101154154614007889 -8.2687205907162041209E-05 + 6.277210971069452361E-10 6.2772109785334669875E-10) + ;10 seconds of zooming into selected + rectangle + (usleep 100000000) + + The best way to learn XaoS command language is probably to read +position files and modify them. For example, to create zooming +animation from the original file: + + (initstate) + (defaultpalette 0) + (formula 'mandel) + (view -1.64128273713 -5.50393226816E-05 9.69332308848E-08 + 9.69332308834E-08) + + Just change the `view' command to `morphview', and add `usleep': + + (initstate) + (defaultpalette 0) + (formula 'mandel) + (morphview -1.64128273713 -5.50393226816E-05 9.69332308848E-08 + 9.69332308834E-08) + (usleep 10000000) + + The following code produces Julia morphing in the real axis: + + (initstate) + (fastjulia #t) + (juliaseed -2 0) + (morphjulia 2 0) + (usleep 2000000) + + And following is the "rotozooming" animation: + + (initstate) + (fastrotate #t) + (morphview -1.64128273713 -5.50393226816E-05 9.69332308848E-08 + 9.69332308834E-08) + (morphangle 300) + (usleep 10000000) + (wait) + (fastrotate #f) + +6 XaoS gallery +************** + +I plan to make a gallery of animations and position files on the XaoS +home-page, so please send any nice animations and images you created +using XaoS to the mailing list or upload them to our website. + + +File: xaos.info, Node: writehelp, Next: xshl, Prev: format, Up: Top + +7 How to write XaoS help files +****************************** + +XaoS help is stored in the file `help/xaos.hlp'. It is divided into +parts, each part being started by a _keyword_. In the help file +keywords are written as `%keyword' + + If you are writing documentation about some command in the XaoS +function registry, use the same keyword as the name of the command in +order to make context sensitive help work. + + +File: xaos.info, Node: xshl, Next: drivers, Prev: writehelp, Up: Top + +7.1 xshl +======== + +_Xshl_ stands for _XaoS simple hypertext language_. It uses similar +tags to HTML. It is simpler and more restrictive in order to make it +easy to parse using various scripts. In C code you can use the library +present in `src/util/xshl.c' to parse it. + + The following tags are supported: + +*head* + make headings (should be at the beginning of the page, at least) + +*emph* + emphasize + +*tt* + Use non proportional font + +*br* + Break line + +*p* + Next paragraph + +*dl* + Definition list + +*dt* + Definition tag (should be used only inside a definition list) + +*dd* + Definition description (should be used only inside a definition + list) + +*center* + align to center + +*right* + align to right + +*red* + change color to red (should not be used in help files) + +*black* + change color to black (should not be used in help files) + +*white* + change color to white (should not be used in help files) + +*a name* + link to other help page + +*tutor name* + activate tutorial + +*notex* + Ignore this in texinfo manuals + + +File: xaos.info, Node: drivers, Next: menus, Prev: xshl, Up: Top + +8 Platform-specific documentation +********************************* + +XaoS is portable and works on many different platforms. Since not all +platforms are exactly the same, there are some differences between the +behavior of XaoS on different platforms. Here is documentation about +each specific port. + +* Menu: + +* aa:: AA-lib --- high quality ascii art driver +* BeOS:: BeOS drivers +* DGA:: DGA driver +* dos:: DOS driver +* dX-fullscreen:: directX fullscreen driver +* dX-window:: directX windowed driver +* ggi:: GGI driver +* plan9:: plan9 driver +* SVGAlib:: SVGAlib driver +* win32:: Win32 driver +* X11:: X11 driver + + +File: xaos.info, Node: aa, Next: BeOS, Up: drivers + +8.1 AA-lib driver +================= + +The AA driver is currently the most advanced and portable driver for +XaoS. It is based on AAlib--a high quality ASCII-art library developed +by the AA-project. (see `http://aa-project.sf.net') + + It is a fully featured XaoS driver for text mode displays. It +supports 256 colors and the mouse where possible. + + It also has some extended features available from the UI menu: + +*Attributes* + AA-lib may use character attributes to improve image quality. By + default it uses normal, dim and bold characters where possible, + but you can also enable different attributes like reversed or bold + font characters. You may also enable usage of non ansii/reversed + characters if your device supports it. + +*Font* + AA-lib uses a bitmap image of the font to prepare the + approximation table used for ASCII art rendering. This bitmap is + expected to be same as the one used by your device. AAlib performs + detection where possible however some devices (like UNIX text + terminals or MDA) do not support this. AAlib has few font images + compiled in, so in this case you should try to use one of them to + achieve best results. + +*Inversion* + Some devices use inverse video: use this to get correct results on + such devices. + +*Dithering mode* + Dithering is an way to get more exact color in approximations, by + combining more characters; but this method can produce ugly + looking noise on certain images. Use this menu to disable or tune + it. + +*Palette options* + By default AA driver uses the XaoS palette to render images, but + it quite often looks ugly on text displays. Here you can choose a + special text palette instead. Note that with filters enabled, the + results may be rather ugly. This function is available from the + _palette menu_. + +*Save text screen* + The normal save function will generate a PNG image instead of nice + ASCII-art. To save ASCII art use this function instead. It + supports many text file formats like HTML, ANSI, more, etc... It + will also ask you for font and attributes(see above). It is + available from the _file menu_. + + The AA-lib driver also provides the full set of standard AA-lib's +command line options. You may use them to tune parameters like gamma +correction, and so on. See `xaos -help' or the AA-lib documentation +for details. + + The AA driver was written by Jan Hubicka, 1997. + + +File: xaos.info, Node: BeOS, Next: DGA, Prev: aa, Up: drivers + +8.2 BeOS support +================ + +XaoS has pretty advanced support for BeOS R4. It works on both PowerPC +and Intel platforms, supports multithreading, the clipboard, file +dragging, has native look and feel and can work as an image translator +from XaoS files to images. + + The first version of the BeOS driver was written by Jens Kilian and +later extended by Jan Hubicka. + +8.2.1 Installation +------------------ + +You can start the installation script to do everything for you. If you +want something special, read this section. + + In order for XaoS to work you need to keep the executable together +with its data files (`help', `examples', `catalogs' and the `tutorials' +directory) + + When first started, XaoS registers two new mime types called +`image/x-xaos-position' for XaoS Position Files and +`video/x-xaos-animation' for XaoS Animation Files, registers icons for +them and sets itself as default application. + +8.2.2 Available display drivers +------------------------------- + +XaoS supports following drivers: + +*BeOS* + Standard windowed driver using application server + +*DirectWindow* + Driver done using Game Kit's direct window class + +*WindowScreen* + Fullscreen driver. + + By default, XaoS starts in windowed mode and uses the application +server for output. You could change the driver to DirectWindow to use +direct access to video RAM. Note that this mode is slower in most +cases, and not supported by some videocards. + + The BeOS driver by default chooses the most similar bitmap supported +by XaoS to achieve best and fastest results. In the UI menu you can +change this default choice to another one if you wish. Also you can +ask the BeOS and DirectWindow to resize to fullscreen mode. + + XaoS also supports real fullscreen mode using the BWindowScreen API. +To switch XaoS to this driver, use the UI menu. If you want to use this +mode by default, use the `-driver WindowScreen' command line option. + + This driver differs a lot from windowed ones. It use direct access +to the video card, allowing you to change video mode. Also, the 256 +color mode can access the palette, so it is not dithered like the +windowed mode. Because BeOS can't do GUI in fullscreen mode, XaoS uses +its own toolkit. I hope you will feel confortable in it. + +8.2.3 XaoS as translator +------------------------ + +You should be able to open XaoS files in graphics applications such as +ShowImage or ArtPaing. In Preferences you can find the DataTranslations +program, that can be used to set the size, type and DPI of the +resulting image. Also antialiasing can be enabled. + + Note that _translation can take a while_. So be patient and wait for +the result. + + If the translator doesn't work, ensure that you have a link to the +XaoS executable in `/boot/beos/system/add-ons/Translators/'. + + +File: xaos.info, Node: DGA, Next: dos, Prev: BeOS, Up: drivers + +8.3 DGA driver +============== + +This is the driver for DGA (Direct Graphics Architecture) extension +used by XFree86 X servers. It is pretty new so it could be buggy. + + Bugs/limitations: + +*In 8bpp mode, XaoS has problems with the palette with certain window managers* + I don't know why this happens. Just let me know what's wrong, or + use another window manager. + +*Banked modes are not supported.* + I don't have any card to test this with, so it doesn't work in the + current version. + + DGA driver was written by Jan Hubicka, 1999. + + +File: xaos.info, Node: dos, Next: dX-fullscreen, Prev: DGA, Up: drivers + +8.4 DOS driver +============== + +This is a fully featured driver for DJGPP and allegro. It supports +many VGA modes, VESA 1.0--3.0, VBE/AF, S3 and some other cards. + + The following problems may occur: + +*Some DPMI servers may cause problems* + Some DPMI servers like the one from Novell/Dr/Open DOS are buggy. + Use clean DOS instead and XaoS will automatically start `cwsdpmi'. + Under Open Dr DOS use `dpmi off' at command line to disable it. + +*Higher resolutions don't work* + If your videocard has enough memory for the selected resolution, + you most probably have an unsupported videocard. Please use a + VESA BIOS extension on this videocard. (See the note about VESA at + the end of this section.) + +*XaoS needs a coprocessor* + I don't distribute a coprocessor library linked into XaoS because + it is too slow for a real-time zoomer. Coprocessor emulation will + not help, because xaos works in protected mode. + +*XaoS needs mouse driver to be usable* + +*XaoS works slowly in higher resolution* + This could also be caused by Allegro's slow driver or your + videocard's VESA BIOS. You could try some other VESA BIOS + extension instead. Look at the `http://www.talula.demon.co.uk' + for the FreeBE project or Scitech Display Doctor package. (See + the note about VESA at the end of this section.) + +8.4.1 VESA +---------- + +VESA is a standard for using higher resolutions in DOS. Many videocards +have VESA support in the BIOS so you don't need any additional +software, while others need support from a special program. Also some +VESA BIOS implementations are buggy or suboptimal; there are 3 +different versions, version 1.0 is many times slower than 2.0, which +has support for protected mode and linear framebuffers. So if you have +problems with higher resolutions, or some graphics modes are not +available (like 320x200 truecolor), you might try some software package +which emulates VESA. + + The most famous VESA emulating program is Scitech Display Doctor. It +has support for many videocards and is quite reliable. It's +disadvantage is that it is shareware and works for only 30 days. You +might also look on `ftp.simtel.net', where there are many VESA +emulation packages such as `s3vbe' or the new FreeBe project at +`http://www.talula.demon.co.uk' + + DOS driver was written by Jan Hubicka, 1997. + + +File: xaos.info, Node: dX-fullscreen, Next: dX-window, Prev: dos, Up: drivers + +8.5 DirectX fullscreen driver +============================= + +This is da river for Windows 9x and NT. It is new since version 3.1 and +because of some oddities of Windows API and kludges in DirectX it may +be rather unstable. Please report all bugs. In case of problems you +could use the DOS version of XaoS instead. + + This driver allows the Windows port of XaoS to run in full screen +mode. The driver supports 256, 65536 and 16777216 color modes (24bpp +and 32bpp) in all resolutions supported by DirectX. You can change +graphics mode by pressing the `=' key (or by using the UI/Resize menu). +If the selected mode is not supported, the driver will restore the +previous setting. + + Use the `-mode WIDTHxHEIGHTxDEPTH' (like `-mode 640x480x16') command +line option to change graphics mode. + + If you want to start XaoS in DirectX, use the `-driver dX-fullscreen' +option. + + See the Win32 driver documentation for some more Windows releated +information. + + DirectX driver was written by Jan Hubicka, Jan Olderdissen and Pavel +Tzekov, 1999. + + +File: xaos.info, Node: dX-window, Next: ggi, Prev: dX-fullscreen, Up: drivers + + +File: xaos.info, Node: ggi, Next: plan9, Prev: dX-window, Up: drivers + +8.6 GGI driver +============== + +GGI stands for General Graphics Interface. Part of this project is to +develop libggi, a portable graphics library, and XaoS's GGI driver uses +that. It is experimental, since the API of libggi is not stabilized +yet. There are some problems with keyboard handling--the shift key +doesn't work yet. + + Everything else might work well, but there are no guarantees. It is +alpha quality software. + + GGI driver was written by Jan Hubicka, 1998. + + +File: xaos.info, Node: plan9, Next: SVGAlib, Prev: ggi, Up: drivers + +8.7 Plan9 driver +================ + +Plan9 is a very nice small operating system by the authors of Unix at +Bell Labs. It is very incompatible with other operating systems; even +the C compiler and header files are different, but XaoS should work +well there (even on the limited free demo installation without any +POSIX compatibility stuff) + + There are a few limitations: the file selector and image saving +don't work. You can save position files and then later render them on +the other OS, or save screenshots. + + Plan9 terminals also don't provide any way to catch the arrow keys, +so you can't use them. Use the mouse to navigate in the menus. Also, +getting the screen resolution is impossible, so use `-pixelwidth' and +`-pixelheight' instead of `-screenwidth' and `-screenheight'. + + By default XaoS changes the colormap. This will collide with other +colorful programs like Mortha. You can disable this behavior using +`-nopalette' switch, but this will slow down XaoS. + + Plan9 driver was written by Jan Hubicka, 1997. + + +File: xaos.info, Node: SVGAlib, Next: win32, Prev: plan9, Up: drivers + +8.8 SVGAlib driver +================== + +This is a driver for Linux SVGAlib. I really like this driver, because +I much prefer full screen zooming instead of a small 320x320 window in +X11. It was one of the first drivers for XaoS and is fully featured. +The following problems can occur: + +*XaoS doesn't initialize graphics mode* + when started under users other than root SVGAlib requires root + privileges to directly access the hardware. When you really want + to start XaoS as a normal user, enable the suid bit (`chmod +s') + at XaoS executable. note that I take care to disable all security + holes caused by this bit so I believe it is safe. + +*Mouse doesn't work* + +*Screen is blank at higher resolutions* + Both this problems are probably caused by misconfiguration of + SVGAlib. Please configure it in `etc/vga/libvga.cong' or + `/usr/local/lib/libvga.conf' GPM can also cause problems. Try to + kill it before starting XaoS. + +*When I switch console I can't switch back* + This is another typical SVGAlib bug. Try to hold `F' key longer + than `alt'. It helps on my computer. On older SVGAlib there was a + famous "enter bug" that caused a crash after pressing enter. Try + to update to a newer release. + + SVGAlib driver was written by Jan Hubicka, 1997. + + +File: xaos.info, Node: win32, Next: X11, Prev: SVGAlib, Up: drivers + +8.9 Win32 driver +================ + +This is a driver for Windows 9x and NT. It is new since version 3.1 and +because of some oddities of Windows API it may be rather unstable. +Please report all bugs. In case of problems you could use the DOS +version of XaoS instead. + + The driver should work in all bit depths, but 16 color mode is not +natively supported by the XaoS engine. XaoS internally works in 32k +colors and the result is converted to 16 colors by Windows. Because +Windows conversion routines are slow and ugly, the result is slow and +ugly. Please configure your display to another bit depth to "solve" +this problem. + + Use `-size WIDTHxHEIGHT' command line option to change the default +window size. + + This driver also maps to native Windows look and feel. There is a +small problem with combo boxes in dialogs. They are expected to give +you a choice between a few strings. The keyboard controls (changing +choice by arrow keys) work, but mouse selection is broken. If you know +how to solve this bug, please let me know. + + XaoS is a UNIX application and has many command line options. Some +features are not available from the GUI. Because Windows applications +can't have normal output, most of the critical messages are displayed +in message boxes, but some longer messages are omitted. The most +significant omission is the help about command line options that you +can find in `doc/cmdopts.txt'. + + One thing that might be confusing is that animation rendering mode +doesn't display anything, but only renders images. Start the rendering, +and a message box will inform you that XaoS is entering the calculation +loop. Relax and wait for the message box signaling the end of the loop. + + Note that XaoS also supports the DirectX API. + + Win32 driver was written by Jan Hubicka, Jan Olderdissen and Pavel +Tzekov, 1999. + + +File: xaos.info, Node: X11, Prev: win32, Up: drivers + +8.10 X11 driver +=============== + +This was the first driver done for XaoS. It supports many visuals, +shared colormaps and MitSHM extension. + + Bugs/limitations: + +*XaoS makes some X servers too busy* + Sometimes XaoS generates images faster than X can display them. + In this case XaoS responds poorly to the mouse, and other + applications slow down too. This happens especially often on old + R4 servers. Use `-sync' to avoid this problem. Note that `-sync' + does `not' make all communication with X asynchronous; it just + adds one additional XSync call. So the slowdown is not as large + as you might expect. + +*Does not work on all visuals* + This driver supports only 8bpp pseudocolor/grayscales, 15,16,24 + and 32bpp truecolor, 1bpp and 8bpp staticolor visuals. + +*Palette rotating does not work for 8bpp pseudocolor w/o private palette* + + X11 driver was written by Jan Hubicka and Thomas Marsh, 1997. + + +File: xaos.info, Node: menus, Next: about, Prev: drivers, Up: Top + +Függelék: A Menus, functions and command line parameters +********************************************************** + +All XaoS functions are referenced by a central function registry. The +scripting language, menus, dialogs and command line options are built +from this database. This section contains information about all +functions available in this registry. + +* Menu: + +* root:: Root menu +* animroot:: Animation root menu +* plc:: Replay only commands + +* linemenu:: Line drawing functions +* animf:: Animation functions +* time:: Timing functions +* file:: File +* edit:: Edit +* fractal:: Fractal +* calc:: Calculation +* mfilter:: Filters +* ui:: UI +* misc:: Misc +* helpmenu:: Help +* xtextpos:: Horizontal text position +* ytextpos:: Vertical text position +* mformula:: Formulae +* palettemenu:: Palette + + +File: xaos.info, Node: root, Next: animroot, Up: menus + + +File: xaos.info, Node: animroot, Next: plc, Prev: root, Up: menus + +A.1 Animation root menu +======================= + +This menu is displayed at the top of the screen when animation replay +is active. + +* Menu: + +* file:: File +* stopreplay:: Stop replay +* helpmenu:: Help +* ui:: UI + + +File: xaos.info, Node: stopreplay, Up: animroot + +A.1.1 Stop replay +----------------- + +Terminate animation replay. + + _Available as_: menu item + + +File: xaos.info, Node: plc, Next: linemenu, Prev: animroot, Up: menus + +A.2 Replay only commands +======================== + +Some commands, such as timing primitives or animation functions, are +available only in animation files. + +* Menu: + +* linemenu:: Line drawing functions +* animf:: Animation functions +* time:: Timing functions +* load:: Include file + + +File: xaos.info, Node: load, Up: plc + +A.2.1 Include file +------------------ + + -- Function: load file + + This function lets you include another file in your script. It works +similarly to `#include' in C or `load' in Scheme. The file is searched +for in the same directory as the current source file. + + _Available as_: command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: linemenu, Next: animf, Prev: plc, Up: menus + +A.3 Line drawing functions +========================== + +XaoS has support for drawing lines. These functions are available only +in animations and could be used to show some parts of fractals or draw +simple diagrams. See the tutorial "Introduction to fractals" for +examples of this feature. + + Lines can be drawn in _screen_ coordinates, where 0,0 is the top +left corner and 1,1 is bottom right, _scaled_ coordinates, which are +similar, but scaled to keep 0,0--1,1 rectangular, or _Fractal_ +coordinates, to draw a line at an exact position on the screen. + + The color of the line should be specified by the `color' command. +You might draw an arbitrary number of lines and, later, morph them. +Each line is identified by a unique numeric key; the current key can be +set using `linekey'. Commands for changing lines operate on the line +with the current key. (Lines drawn in sequence have consecutive +numbers.) + + For example: + + (color 'red) + (line 'scaled 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.5) + (line 'scaled 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.5) + (line 'scaled 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.5) + (line 'scaled 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.5) + (linekey 0) + (morphline 'scaled 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.3) + (morphline 'scaled 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.7) + (morphline 'scaled 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.7) + (morphline 'scaled 0.7 0.3 0.7 0.7) + (usleep 1000000) + + Creates line morphing to rectangle. + + -- Function: line keyword complex complex + + Draw line between two points. `keyword' specifies type of +coordinates and should be one of the following: ``fractal', ``screen' +or ``scaled'. This function also increases the line key. + + _Available as_: command + + -- Function: morphline keyword complex complex + + Morph current line to given coordinates. `keyword' specifies type +of coordinates and should be one of the following: ``fractal', +``screen' or ``scaled'. The line will start moving at the next timing +command, and reach the final position before the end of it. This +function also increases the line key. + + _Available as_: command + + -- Function: morphlastline keyword complex complex + + This function has the same functionality as morphline, but it doesn't +increase the line key, and touches the line with the previous key. This +is useful when you want to move a just-drawn line--you don't need to +set linekey back. + + _Available as_: command + + -- Function: linekey integer + + Set current line key. + + _Available as_: command + + -- Function: clearline + + Clear current line. This function also increases the line key. + + _Available as_: command + + -- Function: clearlines + + Clear all displayed lines. Lines can also be cleared using the +`clearscreen' or `display' commands available from the Misc menu. *Note +misc::. + + _Available as_: command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: animf, Next: time, Prev: linemenu, Up: menus + +A.4 Animation functions +======================= + +These functions are used to animate fractal state--to zoom, unzoom and +morph various parameters. They should be used only in animation files. +Animations are usually performed for a time selected by an immediately +following timing function. *Note time::. For example: + + (view 0 0 1 1) + (morphview 0 0 2 2) + (usleep 5000000) + + Will do a 5 second long unzooming animation. + +* Menu: + +* animateview:: Animate view +* smoothmorph:: Smooth morphing +* morphview:: Morph view +* morphjulia:: Morph julia +* moveview:: Move view +* morphangle:: Morph angle +* zoom:: Zooming functions + + +File: xaos.info, Node: animateview, Next: smoothmorph, Up: animf + +A.4.1 Animate view +------------------ + + -- Function: animateview float float float float + + This function is almost identical to function `view'. *Note uiview::. +It expects that the view will be changed only slightly, so +recalculation is done with `ANIMATE' priority. This means that dynamic +resolution is used by default. + + Viewport is selected by the center and two radiuses (real and +imaginary). See `view' for more information. + + _Available as_: command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: smoothmorph, Next: morphview, Prev: animateview, Up: animf + +A.4.2 Smooth Morphing +--------------------- + + -- Function: morphview keystring starttime endtime +This function lets you smoothly start and stop morphing. Specify +starttime and stoptime as nonzero, and morphing will speed up and slow +down for that number of usecs. + + The keystring is used to select what morphing you want to control. +It is one of the following: +*'view* + control morphview + +*'angle* + control morphangle + +*'julia* + control morphjulia + +*'line* + control morphline + + +File: xaos.info, Node: morphview, Next: morphjulia, Prev: smoothmorph, Up: animf + +A.4.3 Morph view +---------------- + + -- Function: morphview float float float float +For the time selected by the next `usleep' or other timing function, +the viewpoint is smoothly morphed from the current one to that selected +by `morphview'. + + Viewport is selected by the center and two radiuses (real and +imaginary). See `view' for more information. + + This function can easily be used for creating zooming/unzooming +animations using position files. This is an example position file +generated by XaoS: + + (initstate) + (defaultpalette 0) + (formula 'mandel) + (view -1.64128273713 -5.50393226816E-05 9.69332308848E-08 + 9.69332308834E-08) + + By replacing the `view' command with `morphview' and adding `usleep' +you can create a zooming animation: + + (initstate) + (defaultpalette 0) + (formula 'mandel) + (morphview -1.64128273713 -5.50393226816E-05 9.69332308848E-08 + 9.69332308834E-08) + (usleep 10000000) + + _Available as_: command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: morphjulia, Next: moveview, Prev: morphview, Up: animf + +A.4.4 Morph Julia +----------------- + + -- Function: morphjulia complex +For the time selected by the next `usleep' or other timing function, +the Julia seed is smoothly interpolated from the current one to that +selected by `morphjulia'. By default this will cause recalculation of +the whole screen. To avoid this, use fast Julia mode. *Note +fastjulia::. + + A simple animation morphing Julia seed in the X axis: + + (initstate) + (fastjulia #t) + (juliaseed -2 0) + (morphjulia 2 0) + (usleep 2000000) + + _Available as_: command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: moveview, Next: morphangle, Prev: morphjulia, Up: animf + +A.4.5 Move view +--------------- + + -- Function: moveview complex +Smoothly move the image center to another position. + + _Available as_: command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: morphangle, Next: zoom, Prev: moveview, Up: animf + +A.4.6 Morph angle +----------------- + + -- Function: morphangle float +Smoothly rotate the image to another angle. By default rotation causes +recalculation of the whole screen. To avoid this you need to enable +fast rotate mode. *Note rotate::. Don't forget to disable it later, +since it slows down other animations. + + A simple "rotozooming" animation: + + (initstate) + (fastrotate #t) + (morphview -1.64128273713 -5.50393226816E-05 9.69332308848E-08 + 9.69332308834E-08) + (morphangle 300) + (usleep 10000000) + (wait) + (fastrotate #f) + + _Available as_: command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: zoom, Prev: morphangle, Up: animf + +A.4.7 Zooming functions +----------------------- + +The functions for zooming/unzooming were created mainly for recording +animations. In manually created animation files, it is easier to use +`morphview'. *Note morphview::. + + -- Function: zoomcenter complex + This function sets the center to zoom in on. The center is given as +a position in fractal coordinates. + + _Available as_: command + + -- Function: zoom + Start zooming to the area specified by `zoomcenter'. + + The speed of zooming should be controlled by the function `speed' or +in a more exact way by `maxstep' and `speedup'. + + -- Function: unzoom + + Start unzooming from the area specified by `zoomcenter'. + + _Available as_: command + + -- Function: stop + Stop zooming or unzooming. + + _Available as_: command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: time, Next: file, Prev: animf, Up: menus + +A.5 Timing functions +==================== + +Timing functions are used to control the animation replay daemon. It +can wait for a given time, or wait until calculation is complete. The +animation functions are controlled by such waiting; animations that are +running while delays start keep running through the delay. + +* Menu: + +* usleep:: Usleep +* textsleep:: Wait for text +* wait:: Wait for complete image + + +File: xaos.info, Node: usleep, Next: textsleep, Up: time + +A.5.1 Usleep +------------ + + -- Function: usleep integer + + This function waits for a given amount of time (in usec) before +processing the next command. The screen is recalculated and displayed +at the beginning of usleep if necessary necessary. The remaining time +is spent in waiting or performing animation. + + _Available as_: command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: textsleep, Next: wait, Prev: usleep, Up: time + +A.5.2 Wait for text +------------------- + + -- Function: textsleep + + This function's behavior is very similar to `usleep', but the time +is calculated from the number of letters currently displayed onscreen. +If you want to wait just long enough for the user to read the subtitle, +use this function. The user can alter the replay speed as desired using +`letterspersec'. *Note letterspersec::. This value can be changed during +replay with the arrow keys. + + _Available as_: command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: wait, Prev: textsleep, Up: time + +A.5.3 Wait for complete image +----------------------------- + + -- Function: wait + + Wait until the image is complete. You should always use this +function after zooming or unzooming when dynamic resolution is in use. +This ensures that the image calculation will be complete so the user +can see the result before the animation continues. It may also be +useful in combination with filters like motion blur. *Note blur::. + + This function deadlocks if used with animation functions; don't do +that. + + _Available as_: command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: file, Next: edit, Prev: time, Up: menus + +A.6 File +======== + +* Menu: + +* loadpos:: Load +* savepos:: Save +* record:: Record +* play:: Replay +* saveimg:: Save image +* loadexample:: Load random example +* savecfg:: Save configuration +* quit:: Quit + + +File: xaos.info, Node: loadpos, Next: savepos, Up: file + +A.6.1 Load XaoS position file +----------------------------- + +Load a XaoS position file (`*.xpf'). See the format description for +more information. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option + + +File: xaos.info, Node: savepos, Next: record, Prev: loadpos, Up: file + +A.6.2 Save XaoS position file +----------------------------- + + -- Function: savepos file + + Save current state to a XaoS position file (`*.xpf'). This file is +human-readable, and can easily be improved by hand after saving, or +used as a base for animations. See the format description for more +information. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: record, Next: play, Prev: savepos, Up: file + +A.6.3 Record animation +---------------------- + + -- Function: record bool [ file ] + + e Toggle recording to a XaoS animation file (`*.xaf'). This file is +human-readable, and can easily be improved by hand after recording. +See the format description for more information. + + From the scripting language, `(record #t)' enables recording, and +`(record #f)' disables it. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: play, Next: saveimg, Prev: record, Up: file + +A.6.4 Replay animation +---------------------- + +Replay a XaoS animation file (`.xaf'). + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option + + +File: xaos.info, Node: saveimg, Next: loadexample, Prev: play, Up: file + +A.6.5 Save image +---------------- + + -- Function: saveimg file + + Save current state to an image file. This file is in `.png' (portable +network graphics) format, which can be read by many applications +varying from graphics programs all the way to Web browsers. + + This function needs an external library called `libpng'. If the +library wasn't available during compilation, this function is +unavailable too. Please see `INSTALL' for more information about +obtaining libpng and recompiling XaoS. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: loadexample, Next: savecfg, Prev: saveimg, Up: file + +A.6.6 Load random example +------------------------- + + -- Function: loadexample + + Choose random `.xpf' file from the `examples' directory and load it. +You might use it as the starting point for next exploration. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: savecfg, Next: quit, Prev: loadexample, Up: file + +A.6.7 Save configuration +------------------------ + + -- Function: savecfg + + Save current configuration to `~/.xaosrc' (under Unix) or `xaos.cfg' +(under DOS and Windows). XaoS automatically reloads the configuration +from this file when it starts. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: quit, Prev: savecfg, Up: file + +A.6.8 Quit +---------- + + -- Function: quit + + Quit XaoS. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: edit, Next: fractal, Prev: file, Up: menus + +A.7 Edit +======== + +A fairly ordinary Edit menu. + +* Menu: + +* undo:: Undo +* redo:: Redo +* copy:: Copy +* paste:: Paste + + +File: xaos.info, Node: undo, Next: redo, Up: edit + +A.7.1 Undo +---------- + +Undo last operation. `Last operation' is quite hard to define in XaoS +(where changes are continuous), so it might be surprising. I hope it +will do what you want. + + _Available as_: menu item + + +File: xaos.info, Node: redo, Next: copy, Prev: undo, Up: edit + +A.7.2 Redo +---------- + +Redo last undone operation. See undo. *Note undo::. + + _Available as_: menu item + + +File: xaos.info, Node: copy, Next: paste, Prev: redo, Up: edit + +A.7.3 Copy +---------- + +Copy fractal to clipboard. This is a platform-dependent operation that +may not have an analogue on your platform (e.g. there is no concept of +a clipboard under aalib). + + _Available as_: menu item + + +File: xaos.info, Node: paste, Prev: copy, Up: edit + +A.7.4 Paste +----------- + +Paste fractal from clipboard. This is a platform-dependent operation +that may not have an analogue on your platform (e.g. there is no +concept of a clipboard under aalib). + + _Available as_: menu item + + +File: xaos.info, Node: fractal, Next: calc, Prev: edit, Up: menus + +A.8 Fractal +=========== + +This menu contains all functions related to fractal parameters and +display; you can change things like the formula used, coloring modes, +seeds and much else. + +* Menu: + +* formula:: Formula +* mformula:: formulae +* incoloring:: Incoloring mode +* outcoloring:: Outcoloring mode +* plane:: Plane +* palettemenu:: Palette +* uimandelbrot:: Mandelbrot mode +* uiperturbation:: Perturbation +* uiview:: View +* initstate:: Reset to defaults +* tcolor:: True-color coloring modes + + +File: xaos.info, Node: formula, Next: uimandelbrot, Up: fractal + +A.8.1 Formula +------------- + + -- Function: formula keyword + + Set the current fractal formula. `keyword' should be one of the +following: +*'mandel* + Standard Mandelbrot set. *Note mandel::. + +*'mandel3* + Mandelbrot set, power 3. *Note mandel3::. + +*'mandel4* + Mandelbrot set, power 4. + +*'mandel5* + Mandelbrot set, power 5. + +*'mandel6* + Mandelbrot set, power 6. + +*'newton* + Newton's approximation method. *Note newton::. + +*'barnsley* + First Barnsley's formula. *Note barnsley::. + +*'octo* + Fractint's octo. *Note octal::. + +*'phoenix* + Phoenix. *Note phoenix::. + +*'magnet* + Magnet. *Note magnet::. + + _Available as_: command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: uimandelbrot, Next: uiperturbation, Prev: formula, Up: fractal + +A.8.2 Mandelbrot/Julia mode +--------------------------- + +Most fractals rendered by XaoS can be represented as Mandelbrot sets or +Julias. Each point in the Mandelbrot set has its own Julia set. To +learn more about this correspondence, see the tutorial on the Julia set. + + This function switches between Mandelbrot and Julia representations. +When switching to Julia, you need to set the seed--a point selected +from the Mandelbrot set. + + If you run this function from the menu, you are prompted for the +Julia seed as a number. Often, this can be clumsy, and it would be +easier to specify a point with the mouse pointer. If you hit the `M' +key instead of using the menu, the current mouse position is used. + + Good seedpoints lie at the boundaries of the Mandelbrot set; other +seeds usually generate quite a boring fractal. You can also explore +various seeds at high speed using the Fast Julia mode. *Note +fastjulia::. + + Not all fractals have Julias, but XaoS can generate fake Julia sets +for those that do not, which use some Julia-like modification of the +formula; so this function is currently usable for all fractal types. + + _Available as_: menu item + + -- Function: julia bool + + This function is used to enable/disable julia mode in animation +files. + + _Available as_: command line option, command + + -- Function: juliaseed complex + + Select the current julia seed. + + _Available as_: command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: uiperturbation, Next: uiview, Prev: uimandelbrot, Up: fractal + +A.8.3 Perturbation +------------------ + +Perturbation is a simple trick which changes the point at which orbits +start. Traditionally zero is used, but other values can generate +interesting results too. + + On enabling this function from the menu, you will be asked for a +complex number specifying the perturbation. It is a toggle; selecting +it again resets the perturbation to zero without prompting. + + It can be used to specify a complex number representing a point on +the screen. If you hit the `B' key instead of using the menu, the +current mouse position is used. This too is a toggle, so `B' again will +disable perturbation by setting it to zero. + + This function only has an effect for certain formulae (like the +Mandelbrot set</a>) and only then in <a uimandelbrot>Mandelbrot mode. +*Note mandel::. + + _Available as_: menu item + + -- Function: perturbation complex + + This is the scripting-language variation of the perturbation +function. Instead of toggling, you always specify the perturbation to +use. Use 0 0 to disable perturbation. + + _Available as_: command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: bailout, Next: fastjulia, Prev: maxiter, Up: calc + +A.8.4 Bailout +------------- + +Bailout is the value which is checked for each point of the orbit if +the point is far enough from the complex zero point in the current +iteration. If the point is far enough, then the iteration immediately +stops and the starting point on the screen will be painted with a given +colour, depending on the fractal type and many other settings. + + For the Mandelbrot set this value is 4. Other fractal types usually +have the same bailout value. For most fractals many bailout values give +more or less similar output. E.g., for the second order Mandelbrot set +one can prove that the sequence |z| (z:=z^2+c) tends to infinity if and +only if |z|>2 for some element z of this sequence. In XaoS program, +Bailout value is the square of this 2, i.e. you can change this to any +value greater than 2 for similar results. + + Other fractal types may use other bailout values. The default is 4 +for each types. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + -- Function: bailout float + + +File: xaos.info, Node: uiview, Next: initstate, Prev: uiperturbation, Up: fractal + +A.8.5 View +---------- + +Set your current viewpoint in the fractal. This function is useful when +you have found some interesting coordinates somewhere (on a web page, +perhaps) and you want to see that position in XaoS. + + In the dialog you will be asked for the _center_, _radius_ and +_angle_ of the image. + + The center specifies the point which is displayed at the center of +the screen. The radius is the radius of a circle around this point; +XaoS will size the image so that this circle only just fits on the +screen. The angle gives the rotation of the image in degrees. + + People specify fractal coordinates in many ways. Some people use the +coordinates of the upper-left and lower-right visible points, +specifying the coordinates as four numbers x1, y1, x2, y2. To set the +same viewpoint in XaoS, set the real portion of the center to +(x1+x2)/2, the imaginary part of center to (y1+y2)/2, and the radius to +the greater of x2-x1 and y2-y1. + + Other programs use a zoom factor instead of a radius. For these, you +can set the radius to 2/zoom. + + _Available as_: menu item + + -- Function: view float float float float + + This function is used to set the visible area of fractal in +animation files. It doesn't let let you specify the angle, (for that, +see the separate function `angle'), but lets you specify an ellipse +instead of a circle. You can specify both a real and an imaginary +radius, so you have better control over the area that will be visible. +XaoS will size the image so that the ellipse only just fits on the +screen. + + _Available as_: command line option, command + + -- Function: angle float + + Set the rotation angle in degrees. By default this causes +recalculation of the screen. You can enable the fast rotation mode, +which lets you rotate the screen without recalculation; but it slows +down other things, so don't forget to disable it later. + + _Available as_: command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: initstate, Next: plane, Prev: uiview, Up: fractal + +A.8.6 Reset to defaults +----------------------- + + -- Function: initstate + + This function resets most of XaoS's values to their defaults. It is +useful when you get lost and want to start from the beginning. It +should also be used as the first command of every animation file, to +ensure that the file is always played with the same settings in effect. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: plane, Next: incoloring, Prev: initstate, Up: fractal + +A.8.7 Plane +----------- + + -- Function: plane integer + + All fractals displayed by XaoS are functions with a complex +parameter. They can be be displayed in the normal complex plane where +the `x' coordinate is the real part of the number and the `y' is +imaginary; but they can also be displayed differently: +*mu* + Normal complex plane (default) + +*1/mu* + Inversion--infinity is at 0 and 0 is at infinity. + +*1/(mu+0.25)* + Similar to inversion, but moves the center outside the Mandelbrot + set, so it looks parabolic. + +*lambda plane, 1/lambda, 1/lambda-1* + Lambda plane and its inversion, and with a different center. + +*1/(mu-1.40115)* + A very interesting mode for the Mandelbrot set, this makes small + things large, for easier browsing of the set's details. + The tutorial about planes has some examples. + + In the scripting language, the planes are numbered as follows: + +*0* + mu + +*1* + 1/mu + +*2* + 1/(mu+0.25) + +*3* + lambda + +*4* + 1/lambda + +*5* + 1/(lambda-1) + +*6* + 1/(mu-1.40115) + + _Available as_: command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: incoloring, Next: outcoloring, Prev: plane, Up: fractal + +A.8.8 Inside coloring mode +-------------------------- + + -- Function: incoloring integer + + Areas inside the set are usually filled in black, but this is only a +convention; you could color them in differently to make the fractal +look more interesting. The only method available to make areas inside +the set visible is to display the value of the latest orbit as the +value of each pixel. + + The tutorial on incoloring has more information and examples. + + XaoS has many different ways to show that value. The cryptic names +of the modes are mathematical formulae, where _real_ means the real +part of the latest orbit, and _imag_ means the imaginary part. _zmag_ +uses the magnitude of the value. The _Decomposition-like_ method uses +the angle of the orbit. Also, truecolor incoloring modes are available, +that display one value in each of the red, blue and green color planes +(or, for some modes, in each of the hue, saturation and value planes). + + In the scripting language, the incoloring mode is specified by one +of the following integers: + +*0* + 0 (default) + +*1* + zmag + +*2* + Decomposition-like + +*3* + real/imag + +*4* + abs(abs(c)-abs(r)) + +*5* + cos(mag) + +*6* + mag*cos(real^2) + +*7* + sin(real^2-imag^2) + +*8* + atan(real*imag*creal*cimag) + +*9* + squares + +*10* + Truecolor. To set exact parameters for truecolor coloring use the + `tcolor' command. + + _Available as_: command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: outcoloring, Next: tcolor, Prev: incoloring, Up: fractal + +A.8.9 Outside coloring mode +--------------------------- + + -- Function: outcoloring integer + + Outcoloring modes are similar to incoloring modes, but indicate how +to display the areas outside the set instead. As with incoloring modes, +the value of the latest orbit can be used to determine the color of +each pixel, but the default is to use the number of iterations needed +for the value at that point to become recognisably divergent as the +color. + + The tutorial on outcoloring has more information and examples. + + The cryptic names of the modes are mathematical formulae, where +_iter_ means the number of iterations required for the value to become +recognisably divergent, _real_ means the real part of the latest orbit, +and _imag_ means the imaginary part. _binary decomposition_ uses a +different color when the imaginary part of the orbit is lower than +zero, and _smooth_ attempts to remove stripes and discontinuities. +Also, truecolor outcoloring modes are available, that display one value +in each of the red, blue and green color planes (or, for some modes, in +each of the hue, saturation and value planes). + + In the scripting language, the outcoloring mode is specified by one +of the following integers: + +*0* + iter (default) + +*1* + iter+real + +*2* + iter+imag + +*3* + iter+real/imag + +*4* + iter+real+imag+real/imag + +*5* + binary decomposition + +*6* + biomorphs + +*7* + potential + +*8* + color decomposition + +*9* + smooth + +*10* + True-color outcoloring mode. To set exact parameters for truecolor + coloring use `outtcoloring'. *Note tcolor::. + + _Available as_: command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: tcolor, Prev: outcoloring, Up: fractal + +A.8.10 Truecolor coloring mode +------------------------------ + + -- Function: intcoloring integer + + -- Function: outtcoloring integer + + Truecolor coloring modes are similar to incolor and outcolor +coloring modes; but instead of using a palette, they directly calculate +the red, green and blue components of the color. This lets you display +more parameters at once, and produces interesting and often attractive +results. On 8bpp displays you need to enable the palette emulator +filter first to see anything, amd the quality won't be so good, as far +fewer colors are available per parameter. + + The tutorial on truecolor coloring modes has more information and +examples. + + The cryptic names of the modes are always three mathematical +formulae (one for each color component), where _real_ means the real +part of the latest orbit, and _imag_ means the imaginary part. + + To enable inside/outside truecolor coloring mode in the scripting +language, set `incoloring'/`outcoloring' value to 10 (truecolor coloring +mode) before (or after) calling `intcoloring' or `outtcoloring'. + + In the scripting language, the coloring mode is specified by one of +the following integers: + +*0* + black + +*1* + re*im sin(re^2) angle + +*2* + sin(re) sin(im) sin(square) + +*3* + hsv + +*4* + hsv2 + +*5* + cos(re^c) cos(im^2) cos(square) + +*6* + abs(re^2) abs(im^2) abs(square) + +*7* + re*im re*re im*im + +*8* + abs(im*cim) abs(re*cre) abs(re*cim) + +*9* + abs(re*im-csqr) abs(re^2-csqr) abs(im^2-csqr) + + _Available as_: command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: calc, Next: mfilter, Prev: fractal, Up: menus + +A.9 Calculation +=============== + +This menu contains functions that control calculation parameters such as +the maximum iteration count and periodicity checking. + +* Menu: + +* range:: Solid guessing +* dynamic:: Dynamic resolution +* periodicity:: Periodicity checking +* maxiter:: Iterations +* bailout:: Bailout +* fastjulia:: Fast Julia mode +* dynamic:: Dynamic resolution +* rotate:: Rotation + + +File: xaos.info, Node: range, Next: periodicity, Up: calc + +A.9.1 Solid guessing range +-------------------------- + + -- Function: range integer + + XaoS has a solid guessing optimization: if all corners of a +rectangle have the same color, it assumes that the whole rectangle is a +solid colored block, and doesn't calculate points inside the rectangle. +This optimization saves lots of calculation, but sometimes introduces +errors. This value alters the maximum size of the rectangle that can be +guessed at one time. The default value is 3; use 0 to disable the +optimization. + + _Available as_: command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: periodicity, Next: maxiter, Prev: range, Up: calc + +A.9.2 Periodicity checking +-------------------------- + + -- Function: periodicity bool + + Periodicity checking is one way to speed up the calculation. Areas +inside the set always need `maxiter' iterations to determine that the +point is probably inside the set (while it is rare for areas outside to +need anywhere near that much). Often the orbital trajectory falls into a +periodic, repeating cycle; if that can be detected, the calculation can +be stopped early, as there's no way that the orbit can ever leave the +cycle again (hence it cannot diverge, hence the point must be inside +the set). + + Implementating this method efficiently is quite problematic. It +slows down the cases where cycles are not found, because cycle-checking +is quite hard work and has to take place for all points, even those +that don't become cyclic. Because of the inexactness of floating-point +calculations, the cycles are never exact, so you need to use an error +value. Higher error values mean that cycles will be detected sooner, +while lower error values increase the exactness of the calculation. +Higher values can introduce serious errors, especially at the front of +the Mandelbrot set. XaoS detects this automatically and corrects for it +in most cases, but sometimes it might be wrong. Also, other +optimizations in XaoS (such as boundary tracing) don't give this method +much of a chance to run, since areas inside the set are usually not +calculated at all. + + That's why the advantages of this optimization are questionable. You +should probably experiment with enabling and disabling it. Sometimes +XaoS is faster with this enabled, sometimes when disabled. Also, this +method works only when incoloring methods are disabled, and only for +some fractal types (some fractal types, e.g. newton, don't have any +concept of an area `inside the set' at all.) + + The tutorial chapter "Escape time fractals" has more information on +fractal calculation in XaoS, and there is a lengthy section in the +hacker's manual (`xaosdev.texinfo') devoted to the subject. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: maxiter, Next: bailout, Prev: periodicity, Up: calc + +A.9.3 Iterations +---------------- + + -- Function: maxiter integer + + When the fractal set is calculated, a orbital trajectory is examined +for each point. If the orbit diverges to infinity, the point is outside +the set. Otherwise, the point is inside the set. For exact +calculations, you need to know the entire orbital trajectory, which is +infinitely long for areas inside the set, so fractals cannot be +calculated exactly. By default, XaoS calculates at most 170 positions +(iterations) and then gives up; if the point is still inside the +bail-out value, it guesses that the point is inside the set. + + When zoomed into a detailed area, especially one close to the set +boundary, this value could become too low, and the fractal will become +boring. You might try increasing this value if you want to get the +image interesting again; but this necessarily slows down the +calculation at the same time. + + The tutorial chapter "Escape time fractals" has more information on +fractal calculation in XaoS, and there is a lengthy section in the +hacker's manual (`xaosdev.texinfo') devoted to the subject. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: fastjulia, Next: dynamic, Prev: bailout, Up: calc + +A.9.4 Fast Julia mode +--------------------- + + -- Function: fastjulia bool + + By default, changing the seed for the Julia set requires +recalculation of the image (which is quite slow). It's a nice effect to +change the seed smoothly and show the Julia set morphing as the seed +changes. XaoS has a special algorithm which can calculate such +morphings in realtime. It is very inexact, but it is good enough for a +fast preview. + + If you want to select a good seedpoint, enable fast Julia mode and +find a nice place by dragging with the first mouse button depressed; +then change to the Julia mode to see the exact image. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: dynamic, Next: rotate, Prev: fastjulia, Up: calc + +A.10 Dynamic resolution +======================= + + -- Function: fastmode keyword + + XaoS performs many optimizations, but fairly often this is not +enough. In order to keep a high framerate, XaoS automatically lowers +the resolution of the image, increasing it when there is time for more +calculation. This feature is enabled by default when animating, but you +might also like to enable it for new images (which makes the image +`come into focus' when it is recalculated from scratch for whatever +reason), or disable it completely if you don't like it. + + In the scripting languge, the keyword should be one of the following: +*`'never'* + Disable dynamic resolution + +*`'animate'* + Use only for animations (default) + +*`'new'* + Use also for new images + + +File: xaos.info, Node: rotate, Prev: dynamic, Up: calc + +A.11 Image rotation +=================== + +XaoS has support for rotation of the image to any angle. By default, +changing the angle requires recalculation of the whole screen, but when +_fast rotation mode_ is enabled, the angle can be changed smoothly. In +this mode XaoS calculates a larger non-rotated image and rotates it when +needed, so it increases memory requirements and slows XaoS down; hence, +it should be disabled when rotation is not being used. + + The user interface provides two rotation modes--_rotate by mouse_ +which allows the angle to be changed by dragging with the first mouse +button depressed, and _continuous rotation mode_, where the image is +rotated clockwise continuously, and the arrow keys can be used to change +the rotiation speed. + + -- Function: fastrotate bool + + This function is used to enable and disable fast rotation mode. +_Available as_: command line option, command + +A.11.1 Automatic rotation +------------------------- + + -- Function: autorotate bool + + Use this function to enable continuous rotation. In the scripting +language you can also use `morphangle' to get an outwardly similar but +more controllable effect. + + -- Function: rotationspeed float + + Specify the speed of continuous rotation, in degrees per second. +Negative values are allowed and rotate anticlockwise. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: mfilter, Next: ui, Prev: calc, Up: menus + +A.12 Filters +============ + +Filters are a post-calculation effect applied to the resulting image. +They can do things like motion blurring, edge detection, emulation of +palettes or truecolor on displays that can't handle them, and such +things. There is a tutorial chapter about them. + +* Menu: + +* filter:: Filter command +* edge:: Edge detection +* edge2:: Edge detection2 +* starfield:: Starfield +* stereogram:: Random dot stereogram +* interlace:: Interlace filter +* blur:: Motion blur +* emboss:: Emboss +* palettef:: Palette emulator +* anti:: Antialiasing +* truecolor:: Truecolor emulator + + +File: xaos.info, Node: filter, Next: edge, Up: mfilter + +A.12.1 Filter command +--------------------- + + -- Function: filter keyword bool + + This command is used to enable or disable filters. *Note mfilter::. +The _keyword_ specifies the filter to change, and should be one of the +following: + +*`'edge'* + Edge detection + +*`'edge2'* + Edge detection2 + +*`'starfield'* + Starfield + +*`'stereogram'* + Random dot stereogram + +*`'interlace'* + Interlace filter + +*`'blur'* + Motion blur + +*`'emboss'* + Emboss + +*`'palette'* + Palette emulator + +*`'anti'* + Antialiasing + +*`'truecolor'* + Truecolor + + _Available as_: command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: edge, Next: edge2, Prev: filter, Up: mfilter + +A.12.2 Edge detection +--------------------- + +This filter is a standard edge detection algorithm; solid areas are +filled in black. Some fractals look very interesting with this filter +(and some areas of some fractals just look like noise). This version of +the filter produces relatively wide lines, so is useful at higher +resolutions. The filter edge detection2 makes thinner lines, for the +low resolution modes. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option + + +File: xaos.info, Node: edge2, Next: starfield, Prev: edge, Up: mfilter + +A.12.3 Edge detection2 +---------------------- + +This filter is a standard edge detection algorithm; solid areas are +filled in black. Some fractals look very interesting with this filter +(and some areas of some fractals just look like noise). This version of +the filter produces relatively tight lines, so is useful at lower +resolutions. The filter edge detection makes thinner lines, for the +high resolution modes. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option + + +File: xaos.info, Node: starfield, Next: stereogram, Prev: edge2, Up: mfilter + +A.12.4 Starfield +---------------- + +The starfield filter generates random stars whose density depends on the +iteration count. Choose your favorite spiral fractal and enable this +filter to get a Grand Design spiral galaxy :) + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option + + +File: xaos.info, Node: stereogram, Next: interlace, Prev: starfield, Up: mfilter + +A.12.5 Random dot stereogram +---------------------------- + +Fractal images are good as a base for random dot stereograms. In case +you don't know what these are, please point your browser to Google or +another search engine and find some articles about such images, because +learning to read such images takes some effort. They make it possible +to generate three dimensional images on a normal monitor without any +additional hardware, by exploiting bugs in the human brain (although +you need two working eyes, and some people never learn to see them; +they can simply ignore this feature). + + XaoS is able to generate these images in animations, so you may use +all normal XaoS functions (except palette changing and palette rotation, +which makes no sense applied to a stereogram). To make the animation yet +more exciting, XaoS emulates "falling" into the set; while you zoom in, +your distance from the set drops and drops--but you never hit it; when +the set reaches the level of your monitor, the distance is changed +again so you are far away. + + To make this work right, XaoS needs to know the _exact size of your +monitor_. Because most platforms have no way to determine this, you +need to use _command line options_ to tune it. If it's not set or is +wrong, the stereograms will probably be impossible to see (if your +monitor is too big or resolution too low), or the images will seem to +be shallow (if your monitor is too small or resolution too high). + + By default XaoS expects my 15" monitor (29.0cm x 21.5 cm). Another +cause of problems is the virtual screen supported by some windowed +environments (like some X servers) that makes a program think that the +resolution is higher than it actually is, and you see only part of this +extra-large screen. + + The worst thing you could possibly do is to run full-screen XaoS in +some graphical windowing system (OS/2 on top of Windows or Wine on top +of Linux, perhaps) where XaoS can't tell the real size of its window at +all. In such cases, it's normally better (not to mention faster) to run +XaoS natively, rather than under such an emulation layer. + + The following command line options are provided to specify sizes: + +*`-screenwidth', `-screenheight'* + Lets you specify the size of your screen in centimeters. Note that + you need to specify the size of the visible image on the monitor, + not the size with edge borders, or the size of the tube. The + simplistic `my monitor is 17", just turn 17" into centimeters' + doesn't work; that 17" is a marketing figure and has only a vague + connection to reality. Get out a ruler and measure it. + +*`-pixelwidth', `-pixelheight'* + Lets you specify the exact size of a single pixel, if XaoS cannot + determine this for itself from your screen size. + + These options are used by some other parts of XaoS as well, so you +should use them even when you don't want to see stereograms. You should +probably write a small starting script (or alias, or shortcut; whatever +your environment uses) that passes the correct parameters to XaoS. + + If the window is _smaller than 8cm in any direction_, you will +probably be unable to see anything; make the window bigger. + + The correct way to see XaoS stereograms is: +*1* + Start XaoS with options specifying the exact size of your screen + or one pixel on it + +*2* + Sit 60cm away from monitor + +*3* + If you use a windowed environment, resize XaoS's window to make it + wider than, say, 15 cm. + +*4* + Enable the filter (by pressing `E') + +*5* + focus on a point far away from the monitor (try to use your own + reflection, if your monitor's not antireflective); the random + blurring should eventually fall into the pattern of a Mandelbrot + set. + +*6* + Carefully use your mouse to zoom into interesting areas (it is + easy to lose concentration when you are not trained; but you can + use the autopilot...) + +*7* + Enjoy animation :) + + If you still can't see the stereograms, it could be that the +fractal, or your eye, is deformed. A deformed fractal can be caused by +your specifying your monitor size wrongly. Visual problems that damage +depth perception, as well as problems like astigmatism, can make it +impossible to see stereograms at all. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option + + +File: xaos.info, Node: interlace, Next: blur, Prev: stereogram, Up: mfilter + +A.12.6 Interlace filter +----------------------- + +The interlace filter halves the horizontal resolution, and in each +frame alternates between drawing only the even and only the odd lines. +This speeds up the calculation, and in higher resolutions produces a +motion-blur-like effect. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option + + +File: xaos.info, Node: blur, Next: emboss, Prev: interlace, Up: mfilter + +A.12.7 Motion blur +------------------ + +Motion blur mixes the current frame with previous ones to produce a +motion-blur effect. It might be rather slow in 16bpp truecolor modes. +The best results can probably be seen in 8bpp modes, so you might want +to enable the palette filter first. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option + + +File: xaos.info, Node: emboss, Next: palettef, Prev: blur, Up: mfilter + +A.12.8 Emboss +------------- + +This is a standard emboss filter, as seen in programs such as the GIMP +or Photoshop. It produces especially nice results with the smooth +outcoloring mode. *Note outcoloring::. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option + + +File: xaos.info, Node: palettef, Next: anti, Prev: emboss, Up: mfilter + +A.12.9 Palette emulator +----------------------- + +XaoS can work in either palette or truecolor mode. Both modes have +advantages and disadvantages. Palette mode allows effects such as +palette rotation, while truecolor mode allows smoother incoloring and +outcoloring modes and the truecolor coloring modes. If your display is +truecolor, you can enable this filter to get palette emulation (albeit +not as cheaply as in a real paletted mode). + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option + + +File: xaos.info, Node: anti, Next: truecolor, Prev: palettef, Up: mfilter + +A.12.10 Antialiasing +-------------------- + +Antialiasing is a technique to increase image quality by eliminating +jagged edges. XaoS calculates four values for each pixel (on the +subpixel boundaries) and uses the average of them for the pixel value. + + This filter slows XaoS down a _lot_ and greatly increases memory +requirements. It is useful mainly when you want to save images and want +to make them look as nice as possible. Antialiasing also helps a lot +when you want to encode JPEG or MPEG files; they are much shorter if +antialiased (MPEG and JPEG hate jagged edges). + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option + + +File: xaos.info, Node: truecolor, Prev: anti, Up: mfilter + +A.12.11 Truecolor emulator +-------------------------- + +XaoS can work in either palette or truecolor mode. Both modes have +advantages and disadvantages. Palette mode allows effects such as +palette rotation, while truecolor mode allows smoother incoloring and +outcoloring modes and the truecolor coloring modes. If your display is +8bpp, you can enable this filter to get truecolor emulation (but, +obviously, not with as many colors as a real truecolor display). + + More information about filters + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option + + +File: xaos.info, Node: ui, Next: misc, Prev: mfilter, Up: menus + +A.13 UI +======= + +This menu contains functions to control the user interface layer of +XaoS: zooming speed, the autopilot, realtime status information, and so +on. + +* Menu: + +* speed:: Zooming speed +* letterspersec:: Letters per second +* autopilot:: Autopilot +* recalculate:: Recalculate +* interrupt:: Interrupt +* nogui:: Disable XaoS's builtin GUI +* status:: Status +* ministatus:: Ministatus + + +File: xaos.info, Node: speed, Next: letterspersec, Up: ui + +A.13.1 Zooming speed +-------------------- + + -- Function: speed float + + Change zooming speed, where 1 is the default, 2 means twice as fast, +and so on. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + In the scripting language you can use the following functions for +better control: + + -- Function: maxstep float + + Selects the zooming/unzooming speed. The parameter specifies how +much of the range will be removed each twentieth of a second; 0 means +nothing, 1 means everything (the parameter obviously has to be less +than 1). Higher values mean faster zooming. + + _Available as_: command + + -- Function: speedup float + When zooming/unzooming, every twentieth of a second the `speedup' +value is added to the current step until `maxstep' is reached. So this +value selects the rate at which zooming stops and starts. Both these +functions are more for internal use of XaoS then for manually written +scripts, but they could come in useful nonetheless. + + _Available as_: command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: letterspersec, Next: autopilot, Prev: speed, Up: ui + +A.13.2 Letters per second +------------------------- + + -- Function: letterspersec integer + + Speed of subtitles for the `textsleep' function. The user can set +this value to suit; it can also be changed with the left and right +arrow keys during animation replay. + + _Available as_: command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: autopilot, Next: recalculate, Prev: letterspersec, Up: ui + +A.13.3 Autopilot +---------------- + + -- Function: autopilot bool + + To make XaoS yet more impressive, we made a special autopilot mode +that automatically drives into interesting boundaries of the set; you +should press `A', play your favorite music, drink coffee and relax. I +never tried this but it should be really relaxing! Many pictures in the +XaoS gallery were discovered using the autopilot. + + The autopilot also has some additional features. It backtracks if the +zoomed picture is not interesting anymore, and can detect when it's +zoomed into really a boring part of the fractal or reached the limit of +floating point arithmetic on the platform, and restart zooming from the +top. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: recalculate, Next: interrupt, Prev: autopilot, Up: ui + +A.13.4 Recalculate +------------------ + + -- Function: recalculate + + Recalculate current fractal. This should be used when the fractal on +the screen is strange because of error propagation caused by solid +guessing. *Note range::. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: interrupt, Next: nogui, Prev: recalculate, Up: ui + +A.13.5 Interrupt +---------------- + + -- Function: interrupt + + Interrupt current calculation. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: nogui, Next: status, Prev: interrupt, Up: ui + +A.13.6 Disable XaoS's builtin GUI +--------------------------------- + + -- Function: nogui bool + + Disable XaoS menus and dialogs. This function should be used by +external GUI programs; these manipulate XaoS via a pipe, so the +internal GUI should be disabled at the same time. See the hacker's +manual (`xaosdev.texinfo') for more details. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: status, Next: ministatus, Prev: nogui, Up: ui + +A.13.7 Status +------------- + + -- Function: status bool + + Enable/disable status information. This displays some useful +information about the current fractal, such as viewpoint etc. (In +low-resolution modes it also almost completely obscures the current +fractal...) + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: ministatus, Prev: status, Up: ui + +A.13.8 Ministatus +----------------- + + -- Function: ministatus bool + + Enable/disable status line. This contains basic information such as +how much you are zoomed and the framerate. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: misc, Next: helpmenu, Prev: ui, Up: menus + +A.14 Misc +========= + +Miscellaneous functions. + +* Menu: + +* command:: Command +* renderanim:: Render animation +* clearscreen:: Clear screen +* display:: Display fractal +* text:: Display text +* color:: Color +* xtextpos:: Horizontal text position +* ytextpos:: Vertical text position +* textposition:: Text position +* message:: Message + + +File: xaos.info, Node: command, Next: renderanim, Up: misc + +A.14.1 Command +-------------- + +You can invoke all XaoS functions using a simple command language +reminiscent of Scheme. This option lets you run a single command. If +you want to run more than one, you might want to use an XaoS animation +file instead; they are written in the same language. + + _Available as_: menu item + + +File: xaos.info, Node: renderanim, Next: clearscreen, Prev: command, Up: misc + +A.14.2 Render animation +----------------------- + +Render an animation to image files. See How to encode MPEG files for +more information. + + _Available as_: menu item, + + +File: xaos.info, Node: clearscreen, Next: display, Prev: renderanim, Up: misc + +A.14.3 Clear screen +------------------- + + -- Function: clearscreen + + Clear the screen. To display the fractal again, use `display'. *Note +display::. This function is mainly useful in tutorials and similar +animations. + + _Available as_: menu item, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: display, Next: text, Prev: clearscreen, Up: misc + +A.14.4 Display fractal +---------------------- + + -- Function: display + + Display fractal. This functions reverses the effect of the +`clearscreen', line drawing and text output functions. + + _Available as_: menu item, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: text, Next: color, Prev: display, Up: misc + +A.14.5 Display text +------------------- + + -- Function: text string + + Display the given text on the screen. This function is mainly useful +in tutorials. Text should be cleared by printing lots of spaces, or +using the `clearscreen'</a> or <a display>`display' functions. You +might also want to use the `textposition' function to select the part +of the screen to display the text on. + + To wait for the user to read the text, you can use the `textsleep' +function. + + Example: + + (clearscreen) + (textposition 'center 'middle) + (text "Welcome into my animation") + (textsleep) + (display) + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: color, Next: textposition, Prev: text, Up: misc + +A.14.6 Color +------------ + + -- Function: color keyword + + Change text and line color. _keyword_ should be one of `'white', +`'black' and `'red'. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: textposition, Next: message, Prev: color, Up: misc + +A.14.7 Text position +-------------------- + + -- Function: textposition keyword keyword + + Select text position. The first keyword specifies the horizontal +position, the second the vertical position. The horizontal position +should be one of `'left', `'center', and `'right'. The vertical should +be one of `'top', `'middle', and `'bottom'. + + _Available as_: command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: message, Prev: textposition, Up: misc + +A.14.8 Message +-------------- + + -- Function: message string + + This function is almost identical to the `text' function, except +that it uses message catalogs in the `catalog' directory to translate +messages into other languages. It should be used only in the +multi-lingual XaoS tutorials. + + _Available as_: command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: helpmenu, Next: xtextpos, Prev: misc, Up: menus + +A.15 Help +========= + +This menu contains help and tutorials. + + +File: xaos.info, Node: xtextpos, Next: ytextpos, Prev: helpmenu, Up: menus + +A.16 Horizontal text position +============================= + +Select the horizontal position used to display text. *Note text::. It +can be placed at the left, in the center or at the right. + + +File: xaos.info, Node: ytextpos, Next: mformula, Prev: xtextpos, Up: menus + +A.17 Vertical text position +=========================== + +Select the vertical position used to display text. *Note text::. It can +be placed at the top, in the middle or at the bottom of the screen. + + +File: xaos.info, Node: mformula, Next: palettemenu, Prev: ytextpos, Up: menus + +A.18 formulae +============= + +Each escape time fractal has its own formula. XaoS supports the +following formulae: + +* Menu: + +* mandel:: Mandelbrot +* mandel3:: Mandelbrot^3 +* octal:: Octal +* newton:: Newton +* barnsley:: Barnsley1 +* phoenix:: Phoenix +* magnet:: Magnet + + +File: xaos.info, Node: mandel, Next: mandel3, Up: mformula + +A.18.1 Mandelbrot +----------------- + +The Mandelbrot set is the most famous escape time fractal ever. It has +the simple formula z=z^2+c. See the tutorial chapter. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option + + +File: xaos.info, Node: mandel3, Next: octal, Prev: mandel, Up: mformula + +A.18.2 Mandelbrot^3--Mandelbrot^6 and Mandelbrot^9 +-------------------------------------------------- + +The Mandelbrot^3 fractal is a simple modification of the standard +Mandelbrot set formula, using z=z^3+c instead of z=z^2+c. + + Other derivations of the Mandelbrot set (Mandelbrot^4 and so on) use +even higher powers. See the tutorial chapter. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option + + +File: xaos.info, Node: octal, Next: newton, Prev: mandel3, Up: mformula + +A.18.3 Octal +------------ + +This is a less well-known fractal that Thomas discovered in Fractint. +It has an interesting shape when displayed in the alternative planes. +*Note plane::. See the tutorial chapter. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option + + +File: xaos.info, Node: newton, Next: barnsley, Prev: octal, Up: mformula + +A.18.4 Newton +------------- + +This is Newton's approximation method for finding the roots of a +polynomial. It uses the polynomial x^3=1 and counts the number of +iterations needed to reach the approximate value of the root. See the +tutorial chapter. + + This fractal doesn't have Julia sets, but XaoS is able to generate +Julia-like sets which are also very interesting (they are sometimes +called "Nova formulae"). + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option + + +File: xaos.info, Node: barnsley, Next: phoenix, Prev: newton, Up: mformula + +A.18.5 Barnsley1 +---------------- + +This is a formula by Michael Barnsley. It produces very nice +crystalline Julia sets. See the tutorial chapter. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option + + +File: xaos.info, Node: phoenix, Next: magnet, Prev: barnsley, Up: mformula + +A.18.6 Phoenix +-------------- + +This formula produces very nice Julia sets. See the tutorial chapter. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option + + +File: xaos.info, Node: magnet, Prev: phoenix, Up: mformula + +A.18.7 Magnet +------------- + +This is a formula that comes from theoretical physics. It is derived +from the study of theoretical lattices in the context of magnetic +renormalization transformations. See the tutorial chapter. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option + + +File: xaos.info, Node: palettemenu, Prev: mformula, Up: menus + +A.19 Palette +============ + +This menu contains functions to change the palette the fractal is +displayed with. + +* Menu: + +* defpalette:: Default palette +* randompalette:: Random palette +* palette:: Custom palette +* cycling:: Color cycling +* shiftpalette:: Shift palette + + +File: xaos.info, Node: defpalette, Next: randompalette, Up: palettemenu + +A.19.1 Default palette +---------------------- + + -- Function: defaultpalette number + + Create a default palette. In the scripting language, `number' +specifies how much the palette is shifted by. + + Note that changing the palette in truecolor modes forces +recalculation of the whole screen. To avoid this, you can enable the +palette emulation filter first. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: randompalette, Next: palette, Prev: defpalette, Up: palettemenu + +A.19.2 Random palette +--------------------- + + -- Function: randompalette + + Create a random palette. XaoS will automatically pick one of its +palette-generation algorithms and create one. + + Note that changing the palette in truecolor modes forces +recalculation of the whole screen. To avoid this, you can enable the +palette emulation filter first. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: palette, Next: cycling, Prev: randompalette, Up: palettemenu + +A.19.3 Custom palette +--------------------- + + -- Function: palette integer integer integer + + A custom palette lets you re-create some of the random palettes. The +first value specifies the algorithm, which should currently be one of +the following: +*0* + Default palette + +*1* + Black to color gradient + +*2* + Black to color to white gradient + +*3* + Cubistic-like algorithm. + The seed specifies a random seed for the palette; different seeds +generate different palettes. The last value is the amount by which the +palette is shifted. + + Note that changing the palette in the truecolor modes forces +recalculation of the whole screen. To avoid this, you can enable the +palette emulation filter first. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: cycling, Next: shiftpalette, Prev: palette, Up: palettemenu + +A.19.4 Color cycling +-------------------- + + -- Function: cycling bool + + Color cycling is an old and simple effect to animate fractals. The +Mandelbrot set looks particularly nice when color-cycled. On truecolor +displays, color cycling fails to initialize (since those displays don't +have a palette). You can enable palette emulation filter to make it +possible. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + In the user interface, colors can also be cycled in the opposite +direction with the "_Reversed color cycling_" function. + + To control the cycling speed, you coan use arrow keys or the "_Color +cycling speed_" function. + + _Available as_: menu item + + -- Function: cyclingspeed integer + + The parameter specifies the number of skips per second. It can be +negative to cycle in the opposite direction. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: shiftpalette, Prev: cycling, Up: palettemenu + +A.19.5 Shift palette +-------------------- + + -- Function: shiftpalette integer + + Shift palette by the specified number of cells. This can be used to +tune the palette's position on the fractal. You can also use the _Shift +one forward_ and _Shift one backward_ functions for fine-tuning. Note +that shifted and rotated palettes could look different on different +displays (because they may have different palette sizes). + + Shifting the palette on truecolor displays causes a recalculation of +the screen. To avoid this, you could use palette emulation filter. +*Note palettef::. + + _Available as_: menu item, command line option, command + + +File: xaos.info, Node: about, Next: support, Prev: menus, Up: Top + +Függelék: B About XaoS +************************ + +Függelék: C Credits +********************* + +(alphabetically) +*Lucio Henrique de Araujo (lucio.matema@gmail.com)* + Brazilian/Portuguese translation + +*Samuel Bizien (samuel@bizien.info)* + Beryl fractal + +*Eric Courteau (ecourteau@cplus.fr)* + francais.cat (translation of tutorials) + +*Jean-Pierre Demailly (Jean-Pierre.Demailly@ujf-grenoble.fr)* + Updates for French translation + +*Radek Doulik (rodo@atrey.karlin.mff.cuni.cz)* + TK interface, windowid patches + +*Martin Dozsa (madsoft@centrum.cz)* + cs.po (Czech translation of menus) + +*Arpad Fekete (Fekete.Arpad.2@stud.u-szeged.hu)* + Some new fractals, and the 'More formulae' menu + +*Zelia Maria Horta Garcia (zeliagarcia@seed.pr.gov.br)* + Brazilian/Portuguese translation + +*Tim Goodwin (tgoodwin@cygnus.co.uk)* + english.cat corrections + +*Ben Hines* + autoconf suggestions, Mac OS X port + +*Jan Hubicka (jh@ucw.cz)* + Zooming routines, ugly interface, palettes, drivers, autopilot, + filters, documentation, tutorials etc. + +*Jens Kilian (jjk@acm.org)* + BeOS driver, deutsch.cat + +*Thomas A. K. Kjaer (takjaer@imv.aau.dk)* + OS/2 ports (320x200 graphics and AA-lib) + +*Zoltan Kovacs (kovzol@math.u-szeged.hu)* + Internationalization, Hungarian translations, finalizing version + 3.1, bug fixes, web design, current maintainer + +*Zsigmond Kovacs (kovzsi@gmail.com)* + Fractal examples + +*J.B. Langston III (jb-langston@austin.rr.com)* + Native Mac OS X port (from version 3.2.2); web redesign; + co-maintainer + +*Andreas Madritsch (amadritsch@datacomm.ch)* + New fractal types, bailout, many fixes + +*Mateusz Malczak (xaos@malczak.info)* + User formula evaluation library + +*Giorgio Marazzi (gmarazzi@vtr.net)* + Improvements and fixes for espanhol.cat + +*Thomas Marsh (thomas.marsh2@gmail.com)* + First zoomer, formulae, planes, X11 driver, inversions, many ideas + +*Dominic Mazzoni (dmazzoni@cs.cmu.edu)* + Macintosh port (version 2.0) + +*David Meleedy* + Grammatical and spelling fixed version of `xaos.6' + +*Paul Nasca (zynaddsubfx@yahoo.com)* + Ministatus improvement + +*Nix (nix@esperi.demon.co.uk)* + Grammatical and spelling fixed version of `xaos.hlp' and other + files + +*Terje Pedersen (terjepe@login.eunet.no)* + Amiga port + +*Cesar Perez (oroz@users.sourceforge.net)* + Spanish translations + +*Fabrice Premel (premelfa@etu.utc.fr)* + Periodicity checking + +*Jan Olderdissen (jan@olderdissen.com)* + Win32 port + +*Ilinca Sitaru (ilinca.sitaru@gmail.com)* + Romanian translation + +*Daniel Skarda* + Fractal examples + +*Andrew Stone (Stone Design - www.stone.com)* + Videator Support, Cocoa improvements, performance mode, bug fixes + +*Marton Torok (marton.torok@gmail.com)* + Small fixes for pipes + +*Pavel Tzekov (paveltz@csoft.bg)* + Win32 support + +*Charles Vidal* + Tcl/Tk interface + +*Tapio K. Vocaldo (taps@rmx.com)* + Macintosh port + +*Tormod Volden* + Fixes for X11 driver to improve compatability with Xorg, + XScreenSaver, Beryl and Compiz + +*Philippe Wautelet (p.wautelet@fractalzone.be)* + Bug fixes for version 3.1.1, French translation, gcc 4.0 fixes + +*Sergio Zanchetta* + Italian translation + +C.0.1 Included Software +----------------------- + +XaoS uses the following libraries. These libraries may be included with +some binary distributions of XaoS. + + _gettext 0.17_ Website: `http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/' +Copyright (C) 1995-1997, 2000-2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later +(http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html) This is free software: you are free +to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent +permitted by law. + + _GNU Scientific Library 1.11_ Website: +`http://www.gnu.org/software/gsl/' Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998, +1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 The GSL Team. +License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later +(http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html) This is free software: you are free +to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent +permitted by law. + + _libpng 1.2.25_ Website: `http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/libpng.html' +Copyright (c) 1998-2008 Glenn Randers-Pehrson Copyright (c) 1996-1997 +Andreas Dilger Copyright (c) 1995-1996 Guy Eric Schalnat, Group 42, Inc. + + +File: xaos.info, Node: support, Next: index, Prev: about, Up: Top + +Függelék: D Getting Support +***************************** + +XaoS is a community-supported free software project. There are many ways +to get help, all of which are explained below. + +Függelék: E Home Page +*********************** + +The XaoS homepage is `http://xaos.sf.net'. Check here for the latest +news and information about XaoS and to download the latest versions. + +E.0.1 Discussion Forums +----------------------- + +XaoS has two discussion forums hosted on SourceForge. You can read them +freely, but in order to post, you must to register for a free +SourceForge account. + +*Help* + Provides a place for you to ask for help using XaoS. Other XaoS + users and/or the XaoS developers will answer your questions. + + `http://sourceforge.net/forum/forum.php?forum_id=17768' + +*Open Discussion* + Provides a place to discuss anything related to XaoS or fractals. + You can share tips, your own fractal creations, or any other + fractal-related ideas with other XaoS users. + + `http://sourceforge.net/forum/forum.php?forum_id=17767' + + We welcome you to join these forums and become involved in the XaoS +community. + +E.0.2 Mailing Lists +------------------- + +XaoS currently has three mailing lists hosted on SourceForge. +Unfortunately, there is currently very little traffic on any of them. +Hopefully in the future, we can get more XaoS users and developers +involved in the mailing lists. The lists are as follows: + +*xaos-announce@lists.sourceforge.net* + Low volume list that is used only to announce new releases. + + Subscribe: + `http://lists.sourceforge.net/mailman/listinfo/xaos-announce' + Archive: + `http://sourceforge.net/mailarchive/forum.php?forum_name=xaos-announce' + +*xaos-devel@lists.sourceforge.net* + Developer mailing list, where the developers coordinate and + discuss XaoS development. + + Subscribe: + `http://lists.sourceforge.net/mailman/listinfo/xaos-devel' + Archive: + `http://sourceforge.net/mailarchive/forum.php?forum_name=xaos-devel' + +*xaos-discuss@lists.sourceforge.net* + General discussion list is for XaoS users to share tips and ideas + about XaoS. + + Subscribe: + `http://lists.sourceforge.net/mailman/listinfo/xaos-discuss' + Archive: + `http://sourceforge.net/mailarchive/forum.php?forum_name=xaos-discuss' + + Please feel free to join any or all of these mailing lists and share +your ideas with the developers and other XaoS users. + +E.0.3 Bug Reports +----------------- + +If you think you have found a bug in XaoS, please report it. The +developers will do their best to resolve the bug in a timely manner. + + Bug Tracker: +`http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?atid=105771&group_id=5771' + + Please don't submit duplicate bugs. Browse the existing ones first +to make sure nobody has already reported it. You may add additional +information about a bug by entering a comment on an existing bug. + + If you are not sure if something is a bug, please open a support +request. The developers will try to answer your question and can +convert your support request to a bug if necessary. + + Support Requests: +`http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?atid=205771&group_id=5771' + +E.0.4 Feature Requests +---------------------- + +If you have an idea for a great new feature you'd like to see added to +XaoS, please let us know about it. You can submit a feature request +via SourceForge, and the XaoS developers will do their best to +implement your request in a future version. + + Feature Requests: +`http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?atid=355771&group_id=5771' + + Please don't submit duplicate feature requests. Browse the existing +ones first to make sure nobody has already requested the feature your +want. You may add your vote for a feature by adding a comment to the +existing request. + + +File: xaos.info, Node: index, Prev: support, Up: Top + +Index of functions +****************** + + +* Menu: + +* angle: uiview. (line 43) +* animateview: animateview. (line 7) +* autopilot: autopilot. (line 7) +* autorotate: rotate. (line 28) +* bailout: bailout. (line 26) +* clearline: linemenu. (line 73) +* clearlines: linemenu. (line 79) +* clearscreen: clearscreen. (line 7) +* color: color. (line 7) +* cycling: cycling. (line 7) +* cyclingspeed: cycling. (line 25) +* defaultpalette: defpalette. (line 7) +* display: display. (line 7) +* fastjulia: fastjulia. (line 7) +* fastmode: dynamic. (line 7) +* fastrotate: rotate. (line 20) +* filter: filter. (line 7) +* formula: formula. (line 7) +* incoloring: incoloring. (line 7) +* initstate: initstate. (line 7) +* intcoloring: tcolor. (line 7) +* interrupt: interrupt. (line 7) +* julia: uimandelbrot. (line 31) +* juliaseed: uimandelbrot. (line 38) +* letterspersec: letterspersec. (line 7) +* line: linemenu. (line 40) +* linekey: linemenu. (line 67) +* load: load. (line 7) +* loadexample: loadexample. (line 7) +* maxiter: maxiter. (line 7) +* maxstep: speed. (line 17) +* message: message. (line 7) +* ministatus: ministatus. (line 7) +* morphangle: morphangle. (line 7) +* morphjulia: morphjulia. (line 7) +* morphlastline: linemenu. (line 58) +* morphline: linemenu. (line 48) +* morphview <1>: morphview. (line 7) +* morphview: smoothmorph. (line 7) +* moveview: moveview. (line 7) +* nogui: nogui. (line 7) +* outcoloring: outcoloring. (line 7) +* outtcoloring: tcolor. (line 9) +* palette: palette. (line 7) +* periodicity: periodicity. (line 7) +* perturbation: uiperturbation. (line 26) +* plane: plane. (line 7) +* quit: quit. (line 7) +* randompalette: randompalette. (line 7) +* range: range. (line 7) +* recalculate: recalculate. (line 7) +* record: record. (line 7) +* rotationspeed: rotate. (line 34) +* savecfg: savecfg. (line 7) +* saveimg: saveimg. (line 7) +* savepos: savepos. (line 7) +* shiftpalette: shiftpalette. (line 7) +* speed: speed. (line 7) +* speedup: speed. (line 26) +* status: status. (line 7) +* stop: zoom. (line 29) +* text: text. (line 7) +* textposition: textposition. (line 7) +* textsleep: textsleep. (line 7) +* unzoom: zoom. (line 23) +* usleep: usleep. (line 7) +* view: uiview. (line 31) +* wait: wait. (line 7) +* zoom: zoom. (line 17) +* zoomcenter: zoom. (line 11) + + + +Tag Table: +Node: Top440 +Node: Overview1491 +Node: Why?1688 +Node: What?3850 +Node: tutorial4423 +Node: controls14259 +Node: video16315 +Node: format20282 +Node: writehelp25754 +Node: xshl26241 +Node: drivers27386 +Node: aa28084 +Node: BeOS30601 +Node: DGA33457 +Node: dos34077 +Node: dX-fullscreen36510 +Node: dX-window37637 +Node: ggi37722 +Node: plan938273 +Node: SVGAlib39374 +Node: win3240754 +Node: X1142660 +Node: menus43657 +Node: root44527 +Node: animroot44588 +Node: stopreplay44871 +Node: plc45020 +Node: load45377 +Node: linemenu45710 +Node: animf48485 +Node: animateview49195 +Node: smoothmorph49730 +Node: morphview50314 +Node: morphjulia51377 +Node: moveview52005 +Node: morphangle52236 +Node: zoom52905 +Node: time53743 +Node: usleep54217 +Node: textsleep54618 +Node: wait55175 +Node: file55760 +Node: loadpos56031 +Node: savepos56293 +Node: record56739 +Node: play57242 +Node: saveimg57454 +Node: loadexample58090 +Node: savecfg58446 +Node: quit58833 +Node: edit59010 +Node: undo59200 +Node: redo59473 +Node: copy59648 +Node: paste59940 +Node: fractal60224 +Node: formula60787 +Node: uimandelbrot61519 +Node: uiperturbation63041 +Node: bailout64230 +Node: uiview65327 +Node: initstate67336 +Node: plane67829 +Node: incoloring68996 +Node: outcoloring70522 +Node: tcolor72247 +Node: calc73867 +Node: range74331 +Node: periodicity74958 +Node: maxiter77134 +Node: fastjulia78377 +Node: dynamic79136 +Node: rotate79975 +Node: mfilter81407 +Node: filter82063 +Node: edge82712 +Node: edge283251 +Node: starfield83795 +Node: stereogram84154 +Node: interlace88540 +Node: blur88956 +Node: emboss89371 +Node: palettef89706 +Node: anti90274 +Node: truecolor90981 +Node: ui91592 +Node: speed92053 +Node: letterspersec93116 +Node: autopilot93511 +Node: recalculate94348 +Node: interrupt94723 +Node: nogui94958 +Node: status95432 +Node: ministatus95835 +Node: misc96140 +Node: command96541 +Node: renderanim96927 +Node: clearscreen97180 +Node: display97525 +Node: text97831 +Node: color98571 +Node: textposition98855 +Node: message99325 +Node: helpmenu99732 +Node: xtextpos99871 +Node: ytextpos100144 +Node: mformula100424 +Node: mandel100775 +Node: mandel3101054 +Node: octal101531 +Node: newton101870 +Node: barnsley102414 +Node: phoenix102694 +Node: magnet102930 +Node: palettemenu103272 +Node: defpalette103608 +Node: randompalette104104 +Node: palette104609 +Node: cycling105473 +Node: shiftpalette106452 +Node: about107164 +Node: support111546 +Node: index115382 + +End Tag Table |